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. 2017 Oct 7;74(7):1233–1244. doi: 10.1093/geronb/gbx121

Table 3.

Socioeconomic Antecedent and Physical Health Profiles

Panel A. Socioeconomic Antecedent Profiles (1991 or before), reference group is Class 2 (normative group with low and stable values)
Class 1 Class 3
Initially High Increasing Univariate F
Gross Family Income (1991 in $1000s) −2.82** −2.01 2.44*
Family Assets (1991 in $1000s) −71.00** −27.00 2.41*
Family Economic Problems 3.01* 2.23 6.18**
Making Ends Meet 0.46* 0.15* 4.70*
Divorce/Separated (1991) 0.07 0.04 1.90
Education (1991) 0.12 −0.15 2.00
Multivariate F (12, 360) = 7.38**
Panel B. Physical Health Profiles in 2015, reference group is Class 2 (normative group with low and stable values)
Class 1 Class 3
Initially high Increasing Univariate F
Global Poor Health 2015 0.23* 0.64* 17.68**
Disease Count 2015 2.50* 1.87* 12.23**
CVD Onsets since 2001 0.05 0.07** 2.00*
Physical Impairment 2015 0.20* 0.46* 17.30**
Bodily Pain 2015 0.05* 0.26* 9.87**
Multivariate F (10, 360) = 5.80**
Panel C. Change in Health for Each Class
Class 1 Class 2 Class 3
Initially high Low and stable Increasing Univariate F
Change in Disease Count (1991–2015) 0.29* 0.76^ 2.19 6.09**
Change in Disease Count (2001–2015) 1.36++ 0.87^^ 1.42 2.10*
Change in Global Poor Health 0.11* 0.22^ 0.40 2.40
Change in Bodily Pain 0.03 0.00 0.01 0.90
Change in physical impairment (2001–2015) 0.77 0.55^^ 1.48 3.40*
Multivariate F (12, 360) = 3.40*

Note: N = 349; class comparison p < .05 if +1 vs 2, *1 vs 3, ^2 vs 3; p < .01 if ++1 vs 2, ** 1 vs 3, ^^2 vs 3; for F tests, *p < .05, **p < .01; two-tailed tests presented.