Figure 1.

Schematic summary of lncRNAs involved in epigenetic regulation in AML. HOTAIR and Xist can recruit PRC2 to methylate histones on target gene promoters leading to transcriptional silencing. LINC01268 activates HDAC2, which in turn deacetylates H3 on K9 and K27. This also induces transcriptional silencing. In contrast, lncRNA HOTTIP guides WDR5 to H3K4 and recruits the MLL complex. This mediates tri-methylation and activation of transcription. The diRNA familiy member ecCEBPA directly interacts with DNMT1 and functions as a shield to protect the CEBPA promoter from DNA methylation to ensure constant expression.