Table 2.

Identification of potential biomarkers of rat serum samples among control groups, model groups and P-b4 groups.

NO.	Metabolites	RT	M.F	p-Value (9 h)	p-Value (24 h)	Trend
						M-9 VS P-9	C-9 VS M-9	M-24 VS P-24	C-24 VS M-24
1	2-Methylglutaric acid	9.62	C6H10O4	1.95 × 10−2	3.43 × 10−3	↓	↑	↓	↑
2	l-Isoleucine	5.29	C6H13NO2	1.62 × 10−3	3.40 × 10−3	↑	↓	↓	↑
3	l-Arginine	11.90	C6H14N4O2	3.97 × 10−3	4.65 × 10−3	↓	↑	↓	↑
4	Phosphorylcholine	12.55	C5H15NO4P	2.38 × 10−5	3.27 × 10−4	↓	↑	↓	↑
5	8-Hydroxy-7-methylguanine	11.98	C6H7N5O2	1.95 × 10−2	2.88 × 10−2	↑	↓	↑	↓
6	4a-Carbinolaminetetrahydrobiopterin	9.62	C9H13N5O3	3.11 × 10−4	2.14 × 10−3	↓	↑	↓	↑
7	Oleamide	12.44	C18H35NO	1.18 × 10−2	2.18 × 10−3	↑	↓	↑	↓
8	Sphinganine	12.78	C18H39NO2	5.74 × 10−3	2.24 × 10−2	↑	↓	↑	↓
9	Glycerophosphorylcholine	22.46	C8H20NO6P	9.67 × 10−3	4.06 × 10−2	↑	↓	↑	↓
10	Phytosphingosine	9.73	C18H39NO3	1.79 × 10−4	3.26 × 10−3	↓	↑	↑	↓
11	Geranylgeranyl-cysteine	11.04	C23H37NO3S	3.96 × 10−6	5.79 × 10−4	↓	↑	↓	↑
12	Beta-tocopherol	20.28	C28H48O2	1.50 × 10−2	8.25 × 10−3	↑	↓	↑	↓
13	LysoPC(18:2(9Z,12Z))	11.43	C26H50NO7P	9.71 × 10−12	1.68 × 10−7	↑	↓	↑	↓
14	LysoPC(18:1(9Z))	16.79	C26H52NO6P	2.33 × 10−5	1.85 × 10−3	↑	↓	↑	↓
15	LysoPC(0:0/18:0)	16.81	C26H46NO7P	8.62 × 10−4	2.67 × 10−4	↑	↓	↑	↓
16	LysoPC(20:3(5Z,8Z,11Z))	16.79	C28H50NO7P	5.53 × 10−8	2.95 × 10−4	↓	↑	↓	↑
17	Postin(Lys-Pro-Pro-Arg)	12.42	C22H40N8O5	8.69 × 10−4	4.03 × 10−2	↓	↑	↓	↑
18	LysoPC(22:5(4Z,7Z,10Z,13Z,16Z)	11.98	C30H52NO7P	6.29 × 10−6	8.63 × 10−4	↓	↑	↓	↑
19	LysoPC(22:6(4Z,7Z,10Z,13Z,16Z,19Z)	11.34	C30H50NO7P	9.13 × 10−7	1.43 × 10−3	↓	↑	↓	↑
20	25-Hydroxyvitamin	11.98	C34H52O8	3.63 × 10−5	1.74 × 10−3	↓	↑	↓	↑
21	Mesobilirubinogen	11.98	C33H44N4O6	6.44 × 10−7	3.91 × 10−7	↓	↑	↓	↑
22	Kinetensin 4–7	4.82	C26H37N9O6	5.52 × 10−3	1.88 × 10−5	↑	↓	↑	↓
23	Leukotriene C4	4.82	C30H47N3O9S	2.05 × 10−12	3.87 × 10−2	↓	↑	↓	↑
24	Kinetensin 4–8	4.89	C35H46N10O7	2.05 × 10−5	4.71 × 10−5	↓	↑	↓	↑
25	PS(14:0/14:1(9Z)	20.85	C34H64NO10P	3.67 × 10−9	7.77 × 10−4	↓	↑	↓	↑
26	l-valine	9.94	C5H11NO2	3.49 × 10−2	1.15 × 10−2	↑	↓	↑	↓
27	Sphingosine	5.61	C18H37NO2	6.97 × 10−3	4.00 × 10−5	↑	↓	↓	↑
28	12-Keto-tetrahydro-leukotriene B4	12.93	C20H34O4	3.00 × 10−4	1.10 × 10−2	↑	↓	↑	↓
29	3-dehydrosphinganine	18.69	C18H37NO2	4.08 × 10−2	1.44 × 10−3	↑	↓	↑	↓
30	Arachidonic acid	19.99	C20H32O2	9.44 × 10−4	1.51 × 10−2	↑	↓	↑	↓
31	Leukotriene A4	13.40	C20H30O3	5.12 × 10−3	1.90 × 10−2	↑	↓	↑	↓
32	5(S)-Hydroperoxyeicosatetraenoic acid	10.93	C20H32O4	3.85 × 10−2	3.48 × 10−2	↑	↓	↑	↓