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. 2019 Sep 18;20:714. doi: 10.1186/s12864-019-6074-6

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© The Author(s). 2019

Open AccessThis article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication waiver (http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/) applies to the data made available in this article, unless otherwise stated.

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Fig. 3 — Abundance ratios of the most and least predominant metabolites present in bull spermatozoa. a Abundance ratios of the five most abundant metabolites such as oleic acid, phosphoric acid, phosphine, carbamate, and glycerol. b Abundance ratios of the five least metabolites identified as benzoic acid, acetic acid, L-serine, carbamate, and 2-ketobutyric acid. The abundance ratio of the metabolites was calculated by dividing the abundance of target ions of metabolites by that of target ion of the internal standard. Error bars represent standard error of the mean. P < 0.05 was considered significant