Table 3.

Describing the serological and Doppler findings according to various types of classification and ultrasonography changes

Investigations	Anatomic classification			Pathopysiologic classification			Ultrasonography
	Superficial, Perforator, and deep veins 38 (100%)	No venous locations 12 (100%)	P	Reflux, obstruction or both 38 (100%)	No venous pathophysiology 12 (100%)	P	Thrombosis 2 (100%)	No thrombosis 48 (100%)	P
Blood investigations
Homocysteine (high)	12 (32)	4 (33)	0.91	12 (32)	4 (33)	0.91	2 (100)	14 (29)	0.04
D-Dimer (high)	8 (22)	2 (17)	0.71	8 (22)	2 (17)	0.71	1 (50)	9 (19)	0.29
Factor V (+)	4 (11)	0	0.24	4 (11)	0 (0)	0.24	2 (100)	2 (4)	<0.0001
Total cholesterol (high)	9 (24)	3 (25)	0.93	9 (24)	3 (25)	0.93	2 (100)	10 (21)	0.01
Total TG (high)	14 (37)	4 (33)	0.83	14 (37)	4 (33)	0.83	2 (100)	16 (33)	0.05
HDL (low)	11 (29)	4 (33)	0.77	11 (29)	4 (33)	0.77	2 (100)	13 (27)	0.03
VLDL (high)	3 (8)	1 (8)	0.96	3 (8)	1 (8)	0.96	0	4 (8)	0.67
LDL (high)	7 (18)	3 (25)	0.62	7 (18)	3 (25)	0.62	1 (50)	9 (19)	0.28
TG/HDL ratio (high)	16 (42)	4 (33)	0.59	16 (42)	4 (33)	0.59	2 (100)	18 (38)	0.08
Doppler findings
Perforators (+)	36 (95)	0	<0.0001	36 (95)	0	<0.0001
Great saphenous vein (+)	19 (50)	0	0.002	19 (50)	0	0.002
Varicosities (+)	23 (61)	0	<0.0001	23 (61)	0	<0.0001
Thrombosis (+)	2 (5)	0	0.42	2 (5)	0	0.42

HDL: High-density lipoprotein, LDL: Low-density lipoprotein, VLDL: Very low-density lipoprotein, TG: Triglycerides