Figure 3.

Vaginal microbial communities dominated by Gardnerella vaginalis were associated with poor outcomes. Relative abundance of bacterial genera and Lactobacillus spp. (shades of green) within the vaginal microbiome, inverse Simpson index (diversity), and classification by Lactobacillus spp. dominance; dominant (blue) >75%, intermediate (pink) 50–75%, and deplete (red) <50%. There were no significant differences in the proportion of women with a Lactobacillus spp.‐deplete microbiome between successful and unsuccessful cerclages or between cases delivering before and after 28, 32, and 37 weeks. The presence of Gardnerella vaginalis (red) was only seen prior to cerclages with unsuccessful outcomes.