Table 7.
Recurrence and complications rate comparison between EN and open approaches
| Approach | Reported complications | Complication rate (%) | Complications | Reported recurrences | Recurrence rate (%) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Total | 65/76 (85.5%) | 5/55 (9.1%) | 57/76 (75.0%) | 7/57 (12.3%) | |
| TS | 30/39 (76.9%) | 2/30 (6.6%) | Epistaxis; pneumocephalus | 28/39 (71.8%) | 6/28 (21.4%) |
| TC | 17/18 (94.4%) | 1/17 (5.8%) | Transient abducens nerve palsy | 13/18 (72.2%) | 0 (0%) |
| IP | 10/11 (90.9%) | 0 (0%) | 9/11 (81.8%) | 1/9 (11.1%) | |
| TC+IP | 8/8 (100%) | 2/8 (25%) | Chronic otitis media; eye dryness | 7/8 (87.5%) | 0 |
| Total | 160/210 (76.1%) | 36/160 (22.5%) | 151/210 (71.9%) | 16/151 (10.6%) | |
| IC | 48/62 (77.4%) | 7/48 (14.5%) | Tympanic perforation; facial paralysis; CSF leak/meningitis; SNHL | 47/62 (75.8%) | 9/47 (19.1%) |
| IL | 58/78 (74.4%) | 18/58 (31%) | Facial paralysis (x4), CSF leak (x2), superficial wound infection (x2), stitch abscess; labyrinth injury, cochlea aqueduct injury, carotid artery injury | 58/78 (74.4%) | 4/58 (6.9%) |
| MF | 26/33 (78.8%) | 5/26 (19.2%) | CSF leak, meningitis, seizures | 24/33 (72.7%) | 2/24 (8.3%) |
| TL | 10/16 (62.5%) | 0* | 8/16 (50.0%) | 0/8 (0%) | |
| SO | 5/6 (83.3%) | 3/5 (60%) | Facial nerve palsy, abdominal hematoma, swallowing dysfunction | 5/6 (83.3%) | 0/5 (0%) |
| Other | 13/15 (86.6%) | 3/13 (23.0%) | Facial nerve paralysis; carotid artery injury | 9/15 (60%) | 1/9 (11.1%) |
EN: Endoscopic endonasal; OP: open; TS: Transsphenoid; TC: Transphenoid transclival; IP: Infrapetrous; IC: Infracochlear; IL: Infralabyrinthine; MF: Middle fossa; TL: Translabyrinthine; SO: Suboccipital; CSF: Cerebrospinal fluid; SNHL: Sensorineural hearing loss.
*
Postoperative hearing loss in TL was not considered a complication