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. 2019 Sep 3;6(9):e13887. doi: 10.2196/13887

Table 2.

Differences in assessment ability, outcome, and usability in 2 conditions (t test).

Variables	Standard personal computer, mean (SD)	Virtual reality, mean (SD)	t test (df)	P value
Correct landmark recall	3.4 (1.19)	4.55(1.26)	−3.02 (40)	.004^a
Navigation mistakes	5.90 (2.36)	4.09 (3.12)	2.11 (40)	.04^b
Challenging landmark recall 1	0.30 (0.47)	0.50 (0.51)	−1.32 (40)	.20
Challenging landmark recall 2	0.10 (0.31)	0.50 (0.51)	−3.03 (40)	.004^a
Task duration (min)	10.70 (3.76)	10.45 (3.73)	0.212 (40)	.83
Presence	2.80 (1.88)	4.59 (1.71)	−3.23 (40)	.002^a
Intuitive controls	4.95 (1.61)	4.45 (1.59)	1.0 (40)	.32
Enjoyment	4.25 (1.65)	5.64 (1.22)	−3.12 (40)	.003^a
Session time	35.25 (7.0)	33.64 (8.5)	0.67 (40)	.51
Stress	2.80 (1.51)	2.73 (1.39)	0.16 (40)	.87
Heart rate variability (ms)	807 (92)	792 (80)	0.58 (40)	.57
Competence	3.95 (1.64)	4.27 (1.78)	−0.61 (40)	.55

^aStatistically significant at P<.01.

^bStatistically significant at P<.05.