Table 2.

Reported perceptual shifts in action and outcome temporal awareness

Judged event (operant condition)	Mean estimation error (in ms)	Mean perceptual shift (in ms)
• Set A: Reported by Haggard et al.3
Voluntary action, then	21	15
Tone	−31	−46
Involuntary action, then	56	−27
Tone	46	31
Sham TMS, then	25	−7
Tone	7	−8
• Set B: Reported by Wolpe et al.22
Action, then	31	39
Low uncertainty tone	−16	−51
Action, then	23	31
Intermediate uncertainty tone	−19	−65
Action, then	24	32
High uncertainty tone	−10	−105