Table 2.

Parameters constants used in the mass transfer modeling.

Simulation parameter-symbol [SI unit]	Value	Source
Oxygen inlet concentration-CO2, in [mol/m3]	0.28	Mazzei et al., 2010; Tourlomousis and Chang, 2016b; Fournier, 2017
Oxygen diffusivity in cell culture medium –DO2 [m2/s]	3.4 × 10−9	Khakpour et al., 2017
Number of HepG2 inside each spheroid-Ncell	30 × 103	Ahmed et al., 2017
Half saturation constant of HepG2 –Km [mol/m3]	0.154	Ahmed et al., 2017
Maximum HepG2 oxygen uptake rate –Vm [mol/(s-cell)]	0.68 × 10−15	Ahmed et al., 2017
Henry's Constant for Oxygen-kH [atm/(mol/L)]	932.4	Mazzei et al., 2010
Albumin inlet concentration-CAlb, in [mol/m3]	0	Hsu et al., 2014
Glucose inlet concentration-CGlu, in [mol/m3]	5.5	Hsu et al., 2014
Glutamine inlet concentration-CGlut, in [mol/m3]	2	Hsu et al., 2014
Ammonia inlet concentration-CNH3, in [mol/m3]	2	Laemmle et al., 2016
Albumin diffusion coefficient in the medium –DAlb [m2/s]	6.1 × 10−11	Vogel, 1988
Glucose diffusion coefficient in the water –DGlu [m2/s]	6.0 × 10−10	Stein and Litman, 2014
Glutamine diffusion coefficient in the medium –DGlut [m2/s]	7.5 × 10−10	Longsworth, 1953
Ammonia diffusion coefficient in the water –DNH3 [m2/s]	1.86 × 10−9	Picioreanu et al., 1997