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. 2019 Sep 12;11:257. doi: 10.3389/fnagi.2019.00257

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Copyright © 2019 Grant, Berg, Mestayer, Braidy, Bennett, Broom and Watson.

This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.

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Potential extracellular catabolism of exogenously supplied NAD+ through activity of ectoenzymes CD38 (ADP-ribose (ADPR) synthase), CD203a (NAD+ pyrophosphatase), CD 73 (5′-nucleotidase), CD157-ADP-ribosyl cyclase 2. Abbreviations: NAM, nicotinamide; NMN, nicotinamide mononucleotide; ADPR, adenosine diphosphate riboside; meNAM, methyl nicotinamide; 4PY, N-methyl-4-pyridone-3-carboxamide; 2PY, methyl-2-pyridone-5-carboxamide; ARPP, ADP ribose pyrophosphatase; RPPK, ribosyl pyrophosphokinase; NAmpt, nicotinamide phosphoribosyltransferrase; NMNAT, nicotinamide mononucleotideadenyltransferase; CX-43, connexin 43.