Comparison of DNN segmented images (green) with Corrected
(expert-annotated) images (red). (A) Histograms of axon sizes, in
pixels, measured as the length of the minor axis of the ellipse fitted within
the ROIs obtained by thresholding on pixel class Axon (ImageJ - Analyze
Particles) on the first set of 30 images (WM_Set_01), each 2,048 × 2,048
pixels. Green bars give the counts from images segmented by the deep neural
network DNN workflow trained on the same set WM_Set_01, while the red bars
represent the same image set annotated by experts after pre-segmentation and
post-processing. (B), (C) Same as (A) but on different
sets of 30 images that the DNN tool has not seen before, coming from (B) the
same cases sampled in the same PFWM area (WM_Set_02), and (C) optic nerve
(ON_Set_01). (D),(E),(F) Histograms of
myelin thickness, in pixels, as directly measured by the ray measurement (RM)
tool on the same sets used for (A),(B) and (C).