Table 2.

Central Nervous System complication and associated micronutrient.

Conditions	Micronutrient involved and likely pathology
Wernicke’s encephalopathy	Thiamin (Vitamin B1) deficiency
Episodic encephalopathy	Elevated D-lactate
Hyperammonemic encephalopathy (HAE)	Elevated serum ammonia and plasma glutamine levels
	Zinc deficiency
	Underlying Urea cycle disorder
Myelopathy	Cobalamin (Vitamin B12) and Copper deficiency
	Vitamin E, folate and B6 deficiency (less common)
Optic Neuropathy	Cobalamin (Vitamin B12) deficiency
	Vitamin A, Copper and zinc deficiency (less common)
Spontaneous intracranial hypotension	Vitamin A and D deficiency
	Spontaneous CSF leakage

CSF - cerebrospinal fluid