. 2019 Sep 18;2(9):e1911514. doi: 10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2019.11514

Table 1. Characteristics of Physician Practices That Screen for Food Insecurity, Housing Instability, Utility Needs, Transportation Needs, and Experience With Interpersonal Violence.

Characteristic	Screen for All 5 Needs
Characteristic	No.^a	Weighted % (95% CI)	P Value
Overall	346	15.6 (13.4-17.9)
Practice ownership^b
Independent	87	14.8 (10.4-19.1)	.57
System	259	16.3 (13.9-18.7)	.57
Academic medical center affiliation^c^,^d
Yes	129	17.9 (14.0-21.9)	.20
No	217	14.8 (12.1-17.6)	.20
Practice type^c
Multispecialty	167	16.0 (12.5-19.6)	.76
Primary care only	179	15.3 (12.4-18.2)	.76
Federally qualified health center^c
Yes	83	29.7 (21.5-37.8)	<.001
No	148	9.4 (7.2-11.6)	<.001
Medicaid expansion state^e
Yes	262	17.7 (14.8-20.7)	.007
No	84	11.4 (8.1-14.6)	.007
Medicaid revenue^c
<5%	69	9.0 (6.1-11.8)	.02
5%-20%	86	14.6 (10.7-18.5)
>20%	87	17.1 (11.4-22.7)
Region^f
South	90	16.1 (11.9-20.2)	.05
Midwest	80	10.8 (7.9-13.6)
West	96	19.7 (13.9-25.4)
Northeast	80	16.0 (11.0-21.0)
Area^g
Rural	45	14.4 (9.1-19.8)	.64
Metropolitan	300	15.9 (13.3-18.4)	.64
Bundled payments^c^,^h
Yes	156	21.4 (17.1-25.8)	<.001
No	130	10.7 (7.9-13.4)	<.001
Primary care improvement model^c
Yes	261	19.6 (16.5-22.6)	<.001
No	65	9.6 (6.0-13.1)	<.001
Medicare ACO^c^,^h
Yes	201	15.8 (12.9-18.8)	.53
No	102	14.3 (10.3-18.2)	.53
Medicaid ACO^c
Yes	176	21.8 (17.4-26.2)	<.001
No	132	11.2 (8.6-13.7)	<.001
Commercial ACO^c^,^h
Yes	191	18.4 (15.0-21.8)	.02
No	115	12.4 (9.0-15.7)	.02

Abbreviation: ACO, accountable care organization.

^{^a}

Unweighted number of survey respondents.

^{^b}

Data from the OneKey database (IQVIA Inc).²⁰

^{^c}

Data from the 2017-2018 National Survey of Healthcare Organizations and Systems.¹⁹

^{^d}

Data from the American Hospital Association’s Annual Survey were used to determine whether practices owned by a system also included a hospital with an academic medical center affiliation.²¹

^{^e}

Kaiser Family Foundation’s list of states that adopted Medicaid expansion at the time of survey administration was used for this information.²³

^{^f}

Region was defined using US Census definitions.²⁴

^{^g}

Rural was defined as an area with 49 999 or fewer residents using the rural urban commuting area definitions.²⁵

^{^h}

The rate of missing data was equal to or greater than 10% for these variables.