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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2020 Sep 10.
Published in final edited form as: Vaccine. 2019 Aug 14;37(38):5688–5697. doi: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2019.08.009

Table 1:

Schwartz Basic Human Value Domainsa and Hypothesized Factor Structure for Parental Vaccine Values Items

Domain Description Parental Vaccine Values Items a priori organization
(hypothesized factor structure)
Universalism Promoting the welfare of all people and nature (equality, social justice, protecting the environment)

  • U1: Doing what I can to make sure my child doesn’t cause other people to have health problems.

  • U2: Considering how my decision may impact other people my child will be around.

  • U3: Being open to new information about vaccines for my child.
Benevolence Promoting the welfare of people you are close to (helpfulness, loyalty, honesty, forgiving)

  • B1: Doing what I can to make sure my child doesn’t get other people sick.

  • B2: Doing what I can to make sure those in my community stay healthy.

  • B3: Following through on the decisions I have made about my child’s health care.b
Conformity Controlling impulses to fulfill others’ expectations (self-discipline, obedience)

  • C1: Doing what most other parents in my community are doing.

  • C2: Doing what is required by my child’s daycare/preschool.

  • C3: Doing what my child’s doctor recommends.

  • C4: Maintaining relationships with my family or community.b
Tradition Maintaining traditions (moderation, respect for tradition, devout)

  • T1: Doing what my religion requires.

  • T2: Making sure my decision doesn’t conflict with my family tradition or values.

  • T3: Trusting that fate, God, or circumstances will protect my child from getting sick.
Security Safety and security of self, family, and nation (family security, social order, clean)

  • Se1: Doing what I can to make sure my child doesn’t get a preventable illness.

  • Se2: Doing what I can to make sure my child doesn’t have health problems.

  • Se3: Protecting my child from getting diseases that vaccines are designed to prevent.

  • Se4: Preventing my child from having side effects from medical procedures.

  • Se5: Protecting my child from experiencing pain associated with medical procedures.

  • Se6: Avoiding exposing my child to unnatural substances.

  • Se7: Ensuring I do not end up regretting my decisions about my child’s health care.b
Self-direction Independence of thought and action (creativity, freedom, independent, curious)

  • Sd1: Doing research myself so that I can come to my own conclusions about what is best for my child’s health.

  • Sd2: Deciding for myself when and under what circumstances my child gets vaccines.

  • Sd3: Relying on conclusions made by medical experts who do vaccine research.

  • Sd4: Ensuring my decisions are not influenced by the interest of the drug companies who make vaccines.b
a

Schwartz values domains of Power, Achievement, Hedonism, and Stimulation were excluded from development of vaccine values items.

b

Items excluded from final vaccine values factor solution.