Table 4. Neutrality and population expansion tests for Rubus crataegifolius and R. takesimensis.

Taxa	Tajima’s D	Fu’s Fs	Sum of squared deviation (SSD)	Harpending’s raggedness index (RI)
R. crataegifolius	-1.46400 ns	-2.75529 *	0.0070*	0.0074*
R. takesimensis	-1.61222 ns	-2.09349 ns	0.0149 ns	0.0355*

Tajima’s D, Fu’s Fs statistic, Sum of squared deviation (SSD), and Harpending’s Raggedness index (RI) with significance derived from 10,000 simulations.

Asterisks denote significant differences:

* P < 0.05

Ns: Not significant: P > 0.10, 0.10 > P > 0.05