Table 2. Clinical characteristics of study subjects with and without bacteremia.

	No Bacteremia (n = 92)	Bacteremia (n = 26)	P
Total counts (cells/1 mL-blood)	0	5.1 ± 4.9
Clinical factors
Sex (male/female)	58/34	17/9	0.826
Age (years)	63.6 ± 9.7	64.0 ± 9.7	0.935
Duration of diabetes (years)	13.6 ± 9.9	12.3 ± 7.6	0.828
Body mass index (kg/m2)	25.4 ± 4.3	25.5 ± 4.3	0.843
Fasting blood glucose (mg/dL)	135.9 ± 31.4	155.3 ± 47.2	0.065
HbA1c (%)	7.7 ± 1.3	7.7 ± 1.3	0.896
C-peptide (ng/mL)	1.8 ± 0.8	2.0 ± 0.7	0.211
LDL-C (mg/dL)	114.1 ± 30.0	112.1 ± 38.2	0.432
HDL-C (mg/dL)	51.4 ± 15.2	51.5 ± 14.2	0.826
TG (mg/dL)	113.6 ± 47.8	118.2 ± 57.0	0.937
Inflammatory markers
Hs-CRP (mg/dL)	0.59 ± 1.3	0.35 ± 0.3	0.843
TNF-α (pg/mL)	1.2 ± 0.6	1.3 ± 0.6	0.340
IL-6 (pg/mL)	2.0 ± 1.2	2.1 ± 1.0	0.485
LBP (μg/mL)	11.2 ± 3.5	11.2 ± 3.7	0.966
Fecal organic acids (μmol/g) and pH
Total organic acids	94.1 ± 40.0 (100)	89.7 ± 42.9 (100)	0.600
Acetic acid	56.1 ± 24.4 (100)	55.5 ± 25.9 (100)	0.917
Propionic acid	19.4 ± 10.5 (100)	18.7 ± 10.4 (100)	0.790
Butyric acid	12.6 ± 8.5 (94.6)	11.7 ± 9.1 (88.5)	0.673
Isovaleric acid	3.7 ± 2.5 (63.0)	2.8 ± 1.5 (61.5)	0.191
Valeric acid	3.0 ± 1.7 (47.8)	2.8 ± 1.3 (57.7)	0.965
Succinic acid	2.7± 5.6 (56.5)	1.3 ± 1.0 (42.3)	0.779
Lactic acid	4.3 ± 5.3 (17.4)	3.2 ± 2.8 (11.5)	NA
Formic acid	1.2 ± 1.3 (60.8)	1.2 ± 1.1 (69.2)	0.984
pH	6.6 ± 0.7 (100)	6.6 ± 0.5 (100)	0.917

Data are expressed as mean ± SD. NA: not available, Detection rates are expressed as percentages (%). The lower limit of the measurement of fecal organic acid concentrations (μmol/g): Acetic acid 0.4, Propionic acid 0.5, Butyric acid 0.55, Isovaleric acid 0.8, Valeric acid 0.65, Succinic acid 0.08, Lactic acid 0.2, Formic acid 0.05. See Table 1 for abbreviations.