Figure 7.

Dehydrodimerization products arising from oxidative cross-coupling of hydroxystilbene glucosides with monolignols or the growing lignin polymer. A, β–O–4′ coupling of astringin and coniferyl alcohol, producing the benzodioxane structure V; B, β–O–4′ coupling of isorhapontin and coniferyl alcohol, producing β–O–4′ alkyl-aryl ether structures; C, β–5′ Coupling of isorhapontin and coniferyl alcohol, producing phenylcoumaran structures; D, 5–5′ Coupling of isorhapontin and guaiacyl phenolic polymer end-units, producing dibenzodioxocin structures.