Table 2.
Demographic and Health Characteristics of Medicare Beneficiaries Receiving Home Health Agency Services in Assisted Living and Other Home Settings (2014).
| Beneficiaries receiving HHA services in AL (N= 362,823) |
Beneficiaries receiving HHA services in other home settings (N = 3,219,487) |
Total (N = 3,582,310) |
|
|---|---|---|---|
| Characteristics | n (%)/M (SD) | n (%)/M (SD) | n (%)/M (SD) |
| Age | |||
| 65-69 | 17,272 (4.8) | 490,492 (15.2) | 507,764 (14.2) |
| 70-74 | 23,434 (6.5) | 568,023 (17.6) | 591,457 (16.5) |
| 75-79 | 35,334 (9.7) | 597,131 (18.5) | 632,465 (17.7) |
| 80-84 | 64,275 (17.7) | 616,452 (19.1) | 680,727 (19.0) |
| 85+ | 222,508 (61.3) | 947,389 (29.4) | 1,169,897 (32.7) |
| Sex | |||
| Female | 253,607 (69.9) | 1,977,509 (61.4) | 2,231,116 (62.3) |
| Male | 109,216 (30.1) | 1,241,957 (38.6) | 1,351,173 (37.7) |
| Racea | |||
| White | 330,675 (91.1) | 2,494,733 (77.5) | 2,825,408 (78.9) |
| Black | 13,992 (3.9) | 377,523 (11.7) | 391,515 (10.9) |
| Hispanic | 11,505 (3.2) | 236,056 (7.3) | 247,561 (6.9) |
| Asian/Pacific Islander | 4,264 (1.2) | 69,526 (2.2) | 73,790 (2.1) |
| Native American | 701 (0.2) | 10,305 (0.3) | 11,006 (0.3) |
| Other/unknown | 1,171 (0.3) | 19,014 (0.6) | 20,185 (0.6) |
| Insurance | |||
| Full duals | 71,940 (19.8) | 597,818 (18.6) | 669,758 (18.7) |
| Partial duals | 5,136 (1.4) | 187,061 (5.8) | 192,197 (5.4) |
| Cognitive, behavioral, and psychiatric impairments | |||
| Memory deficit | 168,730 (46.5) | 489,210 (15.2) | 657,940 (18.4) |
| Impaired decision | 157,586 (43.4) | 612,119 (19.0) | 769,705 (21.5) |
| Verbal disruption | 14,292 (3.9) | 32,547 (1.0) | 46,839 (1.3) |
| Physical aggression | 9,195 (2.5) | 15,466 (0.5) | 24,661 (0.7) |
| Socially inappropriate | 8,089 (2.2) | 15,372 (0.5) | 23,461 (0.7) |
| Delusional | 10,578 (2.9) | 30,114 (0.9) | 40,692 (1.1) |
| None of the above | 145,730 (40.2) | 2,383,528 (74.0) | 2,529,258 (70.6) |
| ADL impairments | |||
| Grooming | 326,954 (90.1) | 2,686,997 (83.5) | 3,013,951 (84.1) |
| Dressing upper | 335,858 (92.6) | 2,828,068 (87.8) | 3,163,926 (88.3) |
| Dressing lower | 342,353 (94.4) | 2,938,436 (91.3) | 3,280,789 (91.6) |
| Bathing | 359,903 (99.2) | 3,146,136 (97.7) | 3,506,039 (97.9) |
| Toileting transfer | 302,902 (83.5) | 2,350,065 (73.0) | 2,652,967 (74.1) |
| Toileting hygiene | 317,454 (87.5) | 2,520,289 (78.3) | 2,837,743 (79.2) |
| Transferring | 344,454 (94.9) | 2,934,075 (91.1) | 3,278,529 (91.5) |
| Ambulation/locomotion | 356,690 (98.3) | 3,096,782 (96.2) | 3,453,472 (96.4) |
| Feeding | 262,324 (72.3) | 1,902,944 (59.1) | 2,165,268 (60.4) |
| Discharged during the past 14 days | |||
| Skilled nursing facility | 63,363 (17.5) | 575,757 (17.9) | 639,120 (17.8) |
| Short-stay acute hospital | 70,577 (19.5) | 1,511,689 (47.0) | 1,582,266 (44.2) |
| Other | 23,261 (6.4) | 268,312 (8.3) | 291,573 (8.1) |
| No inpatient discharge | 212,223 (58.5) | 982,199 (30.5) | 1,194,422 (33.3) |
| Provider characteristics ownership type | |||
| For-profit | 264,371 (72.9) | 1,801,776 (56.0) | 2,066,147 (57.7) |
| Nonprofit | 91,569 (25.2) | 1,317,923 (40.9) | 1,409,492 (39.4) |
| Government | 6,733 (1.9) | 99,158 (3.1) | 105,891 (3.0) |
| Rurality | |||
| Urban | 322,010 (88.8) | 2,683,003 (83.3) | 3,005,013 (83.9) |
| Rural | 33,275 (9.2) | 445,337 (13.8) | 478,612 (13.4) |
| Super rural | 7,538 (2.1) | 91,100 (2.8) | 98,638 (2.8) |
| Total number of episodes (non-LUPA) | 2,002.2 (3,434.5) | 2,779.0 (6,017.9) | 2,700.3 (5,813.3) |
| Number of dual eligible beneficiaries | 343.1 (949.0) | 575.0 (1,801.8) | 551.7 (1,736.4) |
| Average age of beneficiaries | 78.9 (3.3) | 77.1 (2.7) | 77.2 (2.9) |
| Number of years certified | 21.9 (13.6) | 26.2 (14.2) | 25.8 (14.2) |
Note. Differences between settings tested using chi-square analyses and are statistically significant at p < .001. Numbers represent person-years. HHA = home health agency; AL = assisted living; LUPA = low utilization payment adjustment.
a
Race was defined using the RTI algorithm.