. 2019 Aug 8;49(10):883–907. doi: 10.4070/kcj.2019.0234

Table 2. Time-course of persistence and adherence for oral anticoagulants from initiation of therapy.

Study (years)		Country; study period	Source	Sample size	Measure definition	VKA (%)				Apixaban (%)				Rivaroxaban (%)				Dabigatran (%)
						Months				Months				Months				Months
						3	6	12	24	3	6	12	24	3	6	12	24	3	6	12	24
Persistence
	Beyer-Westendorf et al. (2016)⁶⁶⁾	Germany; 2012–2013	IMS® Disease Analyzer	7,265	Supply gap>60 days		58	26							66	53			60	47
	Collings et al. (2017)⁶⁰⁾	Germany; 2012–2014	IMS® Disease Analyzer	15,244	Supply gap>60 days	94	71	58	49	79	72	63	59	82	67	57	49	71	60	50	42
	Hohnloser et al. (2019)⁶⁷⁾	Germany; 2013–2016	Institute for Applied Health Research	51,606	Supply gap>30 days			70				72				71				67
	Forslund et al. (2016)⁵⁵⁾	Stockholm; 2011–2014	Stockholm administrative health data register	17,741	Any script filled in 6-months period; CHA₂DS₂-VASc=2–9			85	78			86				77	69			74	66
	Björck et al. (2016)⁶⁸⁾	Sweden; 2010–2013	AuriculA Swedish national quality register	478	Not defined			91
	Johnson et al. (2016)⁵⁷⁾	UK; 2012–2014	Clinical practice research database	15,242	Supply gap>56–60 days	94	87	78	71	92	88	83	83	86	81	73	68	84	74	67	63
	Martinez et al. (2016)⁵⁶⁾	UK; 2011–2014	Clinical practice research database	27,514	Supply gap>30 days	87	77	64	50
	Mueller et al. (2017)⁵⁸⁾	Scotland; 2011–2014	Prescribing Information System	5,398	Supply gap>28 days						87	86			84	79	75 (18-months)		68	60	55 (18-months)
	Simons et al. (2016)⁶⁹⁾	Australia; 2013–2015	PBS records	1,471	Supply gap>90 days	86		38
	Simons et al, (2017)⁵⁹⁾	Australia; 2013–2016	PBS records	8,656	Supply gap>90 days or switching to warfarin					92 (first repeat)		73	61 (30-months)	91 (first repeat)		68	55 (30-months)	89 (first repeat)		66	52 (30-months)
	Shiga et al. (2015)⁷⁰⁾	Japan; 2011–2014	Tokyo Women's Medical University Hospital	601	Discontinuation reported in medical record	93	88	82		90	83	80		88	83	70		80	76	65
	Wang et al. (2016)⁶⁴⁾	China; 2011–2014	Chinese AF registry	1,461	Self-reported discontinuation	78		56	43
	Liu et al. (2019)⁶¹⁾	China: 2011–2017	Chinese AF registry	5,699	Self-reported discontinuation			93	89
	Zalesak et al. (2013)⁷¹⁾	USA; 2010–2012	USA Department of Defence	5,145	Supply gap>60 days		53	39											72	63
Adherence
	Borne et al. (2017)⁵²⁾	USA; 2010–2015	Veterans Affairs Healthcare System	2,882	PDC>0.80							77				75				71
	Brown et al. (2017)⁷²⁾	USA; 2012–2014	Truven Health Analytics MarketScan database	15,341	PDC>0.80					71	60			71	59			61	48
	Han et al. (2019)⁶⁵⁾	Korea; 2014	HIRA service-aged patient sample	1,234	MPR≥0.80						92				84				88
	Shore et al. (2014)⁵³⁾	USA; 2010–2012	Veterans Affairs Corporate Data Warehouse	5,376	PDC≥0.80													71	71

AF = atrial fibrillation; HIRA = Health Insurance Review and Assessment Service; MPR = medication possession ratio; PBS = pharmaceutical benefits scheme; PDC = proportion of days covered; VKA = vitamin K antagonist.