Table 5.1. Multiple linear regression analysis of variables including glycated haemoglobin influencing carotid intima-media thickness separated by gender^*.

Variable	Women (n = 398)			Men (n = 333)
	Effect size (βst)	Standard error	p value	Effect size (βst)	Standard error	p value
Age	0.63	0.03	< 0.001	0.64	0.03	< 0.0001
Systolic blood pressure	0.09	0.07	0.07	0.11	0.09	0.06
Diastolic blood pressure	−0.05	0.07	0.36	−0.08	0.09	0.18
Low density lipoprotein-cholesterol	0.01	0.03	0.77	−0.02	0.03	0.56
High-sensitive C-reactive protein	0.09	0.01	0.0305	0.05	0.01	0.28
Visceral adiposity index	0.06	0.02	0.17	0.08	0.02	0.0481
Glycated haemoglobin	0.04	0.12	0.41	0.03	0.15	0.47
Smoking	0.01	0.01	0.77	0.01	0.01	0.86

^*＝not adjusted for BMI, waist circumference, triglycerides and HDL-cholesterol (already included in visceral adiposity index)