Table 2.
Adjusted Odds Ratios of Medication-Assisted Treatment Initiation for Opioid Use Disorder by Patient Characteristics (n = 1638)*
| Characteristic | Odds Ratio | 95% Confidence Interval | P Value |
|---|---|---|---|
| Sex | |||
| Male | Ref | ||
| Female (ref: male) | 1.04 | 0.82, 1.30 | 0.7719 |
| Age as of date of first MAT prescription | 0.0030 | ||
| 18 to 29 | Ref | ||
| 30 to 49 | 0.77 | 0.58, 1.01 | |
| 50+ | 0.54 | 0.38, 0.77 | |
| Race/Ethnicity | 0.7528 | ||
| Non-Hispanic white | Ref | ||
| Other | 0.95 | 0.71, 1.28 | |
| Insurance coverage at majority of visits in study period | <0.0001 | ||
| Commercial | Ref | ||
| Medicaid | 0.38 | 0.26, 0.57 | |
| Medicare | 0.31 | 0.18, 0.53 | |
| Self-pay | 0.53 | 0.34, 0.83 | |
| Comorbidities† | |||
| Hypertension | 0.89 | 0.67, 1.19 | 0.4495 |
| Diabetes | 0.56 | 0.35, 0.89 | 0.0135 |
| Asthma/COPD | 0.70 | 0.53, 0.94 | 0.0186 |
| Coronary artery disease | 0.54 | 0.24, 1.26 | 0.1537 |
| Lipid disorder | 0.71 | 0.49, 1.03 | 0.0714 |
| Cancer | 0.68 | 0.43, 1.09 | 0.1084 |
| Hepatitis C | 0.73 | 0.51, 1.05 | 0.0934 |
| Psychiatric disorder‡ | 1.62 | 1.25, 2.10 | 0.0003 |
| Current tobacco use at ≥ 1 visit | 2.46 | 1.95, 3.12 | <0.0001 |
COPD, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. MAT, medication-assisted treatment.
*
Bolded values denote statistical significance at P < .05.
†
Reference for each comorbid condition is the absence of the condition.
‡
Psychiatric disorders included anxiety disorders, posttraumatic stress disorder, schizophrenia and other psychotic disorders, depressive disorders, and bipolar disorder.