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. 2019 Sep 16;14:7533–7548. doi: 10.2147/IJN.S218057

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© 2019 Ding et al.

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Reactivity of the Cap-3M2e VLPs in pigs.

Notes: Cap-3M2e VLPs nanovaccine was injected into pigs twice to detect the antibody response. (A) Scheme of immunization. (B) Anti-M2e IgG levels in swine sera (n = 5). (C) Anti-native M2e IgG levels in swine sera. MDCK cells were infected with IAV (n = 5). (D) Anti-PCV2 IgG levels in swine sera, sera samples were diluted 1:10000 (n = 5). (E) PCV2-specific neutralizing antibodies' levels in swine sera (n = 5). These figures show the smallest difference between the PBS group and other two groups. p < 0.001 (***), p < 0.0001 (****).

Abbreviations: Cap, Capsid; M2e, ectodomain of matrix protein 2; VLPs, virus-like particles; IAV, influenza A viruses; PCV2, porcine circovirus type 2; MDCK, Madin–Darby canine kidney.