. 2019 Sep;44(5):359–373. doi: 10.30476/IJMS.2019.44949

Table 2.

Eligible randomized controlled trials on foods enriched with CLA

Reference	Population	Age (mean±SD)	Duration (wk)	CLA Dose and Form	Isomers	Placebo Dose and Form	Results
Desroches and colleagues,⁹ 2005	16 men: healthy overweight or obese	36.6±12.4	8	butter- CLA (4.22 g/d of CLA)	(80:20) C9,t11/ other isomers	butter (0.38 g/d of CLA)	CRP levels did not change significantly between the 2 groups.
Raff and colleagues,³⁰ 2008	38 healthy young men	25.9±3.9	5	butter-CLA (4.6 g/d of CLA)	(39.4: 38.5) C9,t11 t10,c12	butter (0.3 g/d of CLA)	The CRP concentration did not differ between the groups either at baseline or after the intervention.
Naumann and colleagues,³¹ 2006	92 men and women: healthy overweight or obese with LDL phenotype B	52.33±7.66	13	drinkable dairy product-CLA (3 g/d of CLA)	(>80: <5) c9,t11 t10,c12	drinkable dairy product (3 g/d of high-oleic-acid sunflower oil)	Plasma concentrations of CRP did not change differently between the groups.
Naumann and colleagues,³¹ 2006		52.33±7.66	13	drinkable dairy product -CLA (3 g/d of CLA)	(>80: <5 ) t10, c12 c9,t11
Ramarkers and colleagues,³² 2005	42 men and women: healthy moderately overweight or subjects with LDL-phenotype B	55.6±6	13	drinkable yogurt-CLA (3 g/d of c9,t11)	(>80:< 5 ) c9,t11 t10,c12	drinkable yogurt (3 g/d of high-oleic acid sunflower oil)	CRP did not changed during CLA supplementation.
Ramarkers and colleagues,³² 2005		55.6±6	13	(3 g/d of t10,c12)	(>80:< 5 ) t10,c12 c9,t11	drinkable yogurt (3 g/d of high-oleic acid sunflower oil)	CRP did not changed during CLA supplementation.
López-Plaza and colleagues,³³ 2013	38 men and women: healthy overweight	44±8	24	skimmed milk-CLA (3 g/d of CLA)	(50: 50 ) c9,t11 t10,c12	skimmed milk (3 g/d of olive oil)	CLA-enriched skimmed milk did not lead to a significant variation in CRP levels.
Penedo and colleagues,³⁴ 2013	29 healthy normal-weight young adults	25.9±6.24	8	butter-CLA (20 g/d of c9,t11 CLA)	c9,t11 CLA	low-fat dairy products (skimmed milk, fat-free yogurt and low-fat cheeses)	CLA-enriched butter had no effects on the serum levels of CRP.
Lopes and colleagues,³⁵ 2013	28		16	milk-CLA (4 g/d of CLA)		milk (4 g/d of canola oil)	There was no significant difference between CRP levels obtained at months 0 and 4.
Smit and colleagues,³⁶ 2011	61 men and women: healthy	31±14	3	margarines and yogurt drinks -CLA (50 g/d of CLA)	(80:20) c9,t11 t10,c12	margarines and yogurt drinks (50 g/d of high oleic acid sunflower oil)	There was no effect of c9, t11 CLA supplementation on CRP.

CLA: Conjugated linoleic acid; CRP: C-reactive protein; LDL: Low-density lipoprotein; NEFA: Non esterified fatty acids