Table 1.
Participant Characteristics
| AUD (n = 19) (mean ± SD) | HC (n = 20) (mean ± SD) | P valuea | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Demographics | |||
| Age (years) | 47.6 ± 10.1 | 46.8 ± 10.5 | NS |
| Gender (males/females) | 14/5 | 13/7 | NS |
| Height (m) | 1.72 ± 0.09 | 1.70 ± 0.12 | NS |
| Weight (kg) | 79 ± 15 | 83 ± 16 | NS |
| Education (years) | 12.4 ± 2.9 | 15.2 ± 2.4 | 0.002 |
| Smokers/no smokers | 10/9 | 0/20 | <1E-04 |
| Premorbid cognition and psychiatric symptoms | |||
| WASI-II Intelligence (IQ) | 90 ± 16 | 103 ± 16 | 0.02 |
| STAI anxiety | 39 ± 12 | 29 ± 8 | 0.001 |
| OCDS obsessive | 4.4 ± 4.1 | 0.2 ± 0.7 | 2E-04 |
| OCDS compulsive | 7.7 ± 5.1 | 0.7 ± 1.3 | 9E-06 |
| Depression | 7.8 ± 9.9 | 1.3 ± 1.6 | 0.01 |
| Alcohol use | |||
| TLFB (average drinks per day/90 days) | 10.6 ± 6.5 | 0.8 ± 1.0 | 4E-06 |
| Maximum CIWA score | 2.2 ± 3.2 | 0.2 ± 0.6 | 0.03 |
| AUDIT total score | 21.6 ± 8.4 | 1.6 ± 1.7 | 3E-09 |
| Alcohol dependence | 13 ± 7 | 0.2 ± 0.4 | 1E-08 |
| Years of alcohol use | 30 ± 11 | 26 ± 14 | NS |
| Average frequency (drinking days/month) | 25 ± 7 | 2 ± 3 | 2E-12 |
| Average quantity (drinks/drinking day) | 12 ± 9 | 2 ± 1 | 1E-04 |
| Days since last drink | 3.8 ± 2.3 | 2580 ± 3880 | 0.006 |
| Brain volume | |||
| Cortical GM (% of ICV) | 35 ± 5 | 37 ± 4 | NS |
| White matter (% of ICV) | 36 ± 5 | 37 ± 5 | NS |
| Subcortical GM (% of ICV) | 4.5 ± 0.7 | 4.5 ± 0.7 | NS |
| Ventricles (% of ICV) | 2.3 ± 0.8 | 1.9 ± 0.6 | NS |
| Cerebellum (% of ICV) | 10.4 ± 1.6 | 10.3 ± 0.8 | NS |
| ICV (mL) | 1252 ± 231 | 1283 ± 228 | NS |
Abbreviations: AUD, alcohol use disorder; AUDIT, Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test; CIWA, Clinical Institute Withdrawal Assessment; HC, healthy control; GM, gray matter; ICV, intracranial volume; IQ, intelligence quotient; OCDS, Obsessive Compulsive Drinking Scale; STAI, State-Trait Anxiety Inventory; TLFB, Timeline Follow-back; AUDIT; WASI-II, Wechsler Abbreviated Scale of Intelligence.
a P values are from unpaired t test or χ 2 test.