Ogawa 2013.

Methods	RCT, parallel design
Participants	Total number of randomized participants: 136 Inclusion criteria: undergone isolated off‐pump CABG Exclusion criteria: NYHA class IV; serious cardiac hypofunction with left ventricular ejection fraction < 30%; history of surgery for acute MI, or low tolerance to beta‐blockers Type of surgery: off‐pump CABG (16.9% emergency surgery) Baseline characteristics Intervention group (landiolol) Age, mean (SD): 69.3 (± 6.3) years Gender, M/F: 49/19 History of MI, n: 29 History of hypertension, n: 46 Ejection fraction, mean (SD), %: 59.6 (± 11.5) Preoperative use of beta‐blockers, n: 19 Control group (standard care) Age, mean (SD): 71.6 (± 7.8) years Gender, M/F: 56/12 History of MI, n: 37 History of hypertension, n: 52 Ejection fraction, mean (SD), %: 53.9 (± 11.9) Preoperative use of beta‐blockers, n: 15 Country: Japan Setting: not reported
Interventions	Intervention group (landiolol) Randomized, n = 68; losses = 0; analysed, n = 68 (use of ITT analysis not reported) Details: landiolol started after induction of anaesthesia, dose 3‐5 µg/kg/min, titrated to control HR at 60‐90 bpm. Continued for 2 days Control group (standard care) Randomized, n = 68; losses = 0; analysed, n = 68 Details: standard care
Outcomes	Outcomes measured/reported by study authors: AF, laboratory markers of ischaemia and inflammation, HR, bradycardia (HR < 50 bpm) Outcomes relevant to the review: AF
Notes	Funding/declarations of interest: not reported Study dates: January 2008‐May 2010 Note: we contacted the study authors who supplied a full‐text publication not previously identified in our search. We used this publication to collect data for the review
Risk of bias
Bias	Authors' judgement	Support for judgement
Random sequence generation (selection bias)	Low risk	Treatment group allocation was performed using "a random number program"
Allocation concealment (selection bias)	Unclear risk	No details
Blinding of participants and personnel (performance bias) All outcomes	High risk	Open‐label trial
Blinding of outcome assessors (detection bias) All outcomes	High risk	Open‐label trial
Incomplete outcome data (attrition bias) All outcomes	Low risk	No losses
Selective reporting (reporting bias)	Unclear risk	Study authors did not report prospective clinical trial registration or publication of a protocol. It was not feasible to effectively assess risk of reporting bias
Other bias	Low risk	Not detected