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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2019 Sep 23.
Published in final edited form as: Ergonomics. 2009 Dec;52(12):1568–1575. doi: 10.1080/00140130903287999

Figure 2.

Figure 2.

Subjects applied maximum push/pull forces for the stable (a) vs. unstable handles (b, c). The unstable handle was simulated using universal joints which prevented subjects from applying forces in the x- and y-directions during push (b) and pull (c). All three-direction forces were measured using a load cell.