Table 2.
Known lncRNAs involved in EndMT
| lncRNAs | Biological context | Targets | Experimental model |
|---|---|---|---|
| Inducing EndMT | |||
| GATA6-AS | Development—Angiogenesis | LOXL2 | In vitro—HUVECs126 |
| MALAT1 | Pathology—Neointimal hyperplasia | miR-145 that targets TGFBR2 and SMAD3 | In vitro—Endothelial progenitor cells125 |
| PVT1 | Pathology—Prostate cancer | miR-186-5p that targets Twist1 | In vitro—Prostate cancer cells127 |
| Inhibiting EndMT | |||
| H19 | Pathology—Diabetic retinopathy | TGF-β1 through control of MAPK-ERK1/2 pathway | In vitro—Human retinal endothelial cells128 |
| In vivo—Diabetic retinopathy mouse model and human samples | |||
List of lncRNAs currently known to regulate EndMT categorized into their inducing or inhibiting role on EndMT.
ERK, extracellular signal-regulated kinase; LOXL2, lysyl oxidase homolog 2; MAPK, mitogen-activated protein kinase; SMAD, SMAD family member; TGF-β1, transforming growth factor beta 1; TGFTGFBR, transforming growth factor beta receptor; Twist1, twist-related protein 1.