Table 1.
Clinicopathologic characteristics of colorectal cancers according to SMAD4 expression
| SMAD4-loss (n = 210, 16.4%) | SMAD4-low (n = 942, 73.5%) | SMAD4-high (n = 129, 10.1%) | p for difference | p for trend | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age (yr) | 64 (27–83) | 63 (20–90) | 61 (25–93) | .222 | |
| Sex | .225 | .105 | |||
| Male | 132 (62.9) | 566 (60.1) | 69 (53.5) | ||
| Female | 78 (37.1) | 376 (39.9) | 60 (46.5) | ||
| Location | < .001 | .222 | |||
| Proximal | 61 (29.1) | 216 (22.9) | 50 (38.8) | ||
| Distal/Rectum | 149 (70.9) | 726 (77.1) | 79 (61.2) | ||
| Gross type | .002 | < .001 | |||
| Fungating | 122 (58.1) | 624 (66.2) | 99 (76.7) | ||
| Infiltrative | 88 (41.9) | 318 (33.8) | 30 (23.3) | ||
| pT category | < .001 | < .001 | |||
| pT1-2 | 20 (9.5) | 176 (18.7) | 37 (28.7) | ||
| pT3-4 | 190 (90.5) | 766 (81.3) | 92 (71.3) | ||
| pN category | < .001 | < .001 | |||
| pN0 | 85 (40.5) | 471 (50.0) | 89 (69.0) | ||
| pN1-2 | 125 (59.5) | 471 (50.0) | 40 (31.0) | ||
| Distant metastasis | .001 | .001 | |||
| M0 | 167 (79.5) | 775 (82.3) | 122 (94.6) | ||
| M1 | 43 (20.5) | 167 (17.7) | 7 (5.4) | ||
| TNM stage | < .001 | < .001 | |||
| I, II | 76 (36.2) | 448 (47.6) | 87 (67.4) | ||
| III, IV | 134 (63.8) | 494 (52.4) | 42 (32.6) | ||
| Lymphovascular invasion | < .001 | < .001 | |||
| Absent | 97 (46.2) | 543 (57.6) | 96 (74.4) | ||
| Present | 113 (53.8) | 399 (42.4) | 33 (26.6) | ||
| Perineural invasion | <.001 | < .001 | |||
| Absent | 133 (63.3) | 730 (77.5) | 113 (87.6) | ||
| Present | 77 (36.7) | 212 (22.5) | 16 (12.4) | ||
| Differentiation (grade) | .612 | .923 | |||
| Differentiated (G1/2) | 200 (95.2) | 906 (94.2) | 122 (94.6) | ||
| Undifferentiated (G3/4) | 10 (4.8) | 36 (3.8) | 7 (5.4) | ||
| Tumor budding | < .001 | < .001 | |||
| Absent | 48 (22.9) | 256 (27.2) | 57 (44.2) | ||
| Present | 162 (77.1) | 686 (72.8) | 72 (55.8) | ||
| Tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (400 × magnification) | < .001 | < .001 | |||
| Low (< 8) | 164 (78.1) | 739 (78.4) | 72 (55.8) | ||
| High (≥ 8) | 46 (21.9) | 203 (21.6) | 57 (44.2) | ||
| Mucin production | .002 | .581 | |||
| Absent | 176 (83.8) | 839 (89.1) | 102 (79.1) | ||
| Present | 34 (16.2) | 103 (10.9) | 27 (20.9) |
Values are presented as median (range) or number (%).