Table 5.
Clinical Outcomes
| 1‐y Outcomes | No. (%) of Events | Crude Hazard Ratio (95% CI) | P Value | P interaction (DM×HF Group) | Adjusted Hazard Ratio (95% CI)a | P Value | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| DM (N=2322) | No DM (N=3262) | ||||||
| All‐cause mortality | 262 (11.3) | 274 (8.4) | 1.37 (1.16–1.62) | <0.001 | 0.271 | 1.08 (0.87–1.35) | 0.473 |
| HFrEF | 235/1849 | 242/2680 | … | … | … | ||
| HFpEF | 27/473 | 32/582 | … | … | … | ||
| Cardiovascular mortality | 222 (9.6) | 233 (7.1) | 1.36 (1.13–1.64) | 0.001 | 0.326 | 1.07 (0.83–1.36) | 0.603 |
| HFrEF | 203/1849 | 210/2680 | … | … | … | ||
| HFpEF | 19/473 | 23/582 | … | … | … | ||
| All‐cause mortality/HF hospitalizations | 561 (24.2) | 511 (15.7) | 1.63 (1.45–1.84) | <0.001 | 0.525 | 1.22 (1.05–1.41) | 0.011 |
| HFrEF | 491/1849 | 451/2680 | … | … | … | ||
| HFpEF | 70/473 | 60/582 | … | … | … | ||
| HF hospitalizations | 356 (15.3) | 292 (9.0) | 1.79 (1.53–2.09) | <0.001 | 0.648 | 1.27 (1.05–1.54) | 0.014 |
| HFrEF | 306/1849 | 260/2680 | … | … | … | ||
| HFpEF | 50/473 | 32/582 | … | … | … | ||
DM indicates diabetes mellitus; HF, heart failure; HFpEF, HF with preserved ejection fraction; HFrEF, HF with reduced ejection fraction.
a
DM, adjusted for age, sex, ethnicity, regional income, enrollment type, HF group, systolic blood pressure, heart rate, body mass index, history of coronary artery disease, atrial fibrillation, peripheral arterial disease, chronic kidney disease, retinopathy, neuropathy, obstructive pulmonary disease, and use of angiotensin‐converting enzyme inhibitors/angiotensin II receptor blockers, betablockers, mineralocorticoid receptor antagonists, and diuretics.