FIGURE 1.

Representative example of lesson design elements that promote academic rigor. (A) Scaffolding learning progression (criteria 4). Appropriate levels of challenge and support are achieved through a flipped-classroom structure, in which students engage in low-level Bloom’s pre-activities activities, then spend class time extending learning through higher-order group activities and models. TA, teaching assistant. (B) Representative example of summative assessment item meeting criteria 1–3. Learners engage in higher-order processing spanning biological scales using a cross-cutting concept of evolution through a meaningful case study.