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. 2018 Aug 7;24(2):282–293. doi: 10.1038/s41380-018-0127-0

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© The Author(s) 2018

Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons license and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

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Fig. 4 — Endogenous orexin in VP does not affect novel social interaction. a Traces of rats microinjected with orexin-A or saline in the social interaction test. b Microinjection of orexin-A into bilateral VPs increased time that rats spent in investigating the area close to the caged novel rats (n = 10) rather than the caged cotton (n = 10). c Orexin-A-treated rats exhibited more times in climbing the cage when interacted with novel rat (n = 10) rather than cotton (n = 10). d Traces of rats treated with LV-shOX1R-eGFP or LV-CON-eGFP in the social interaction test. e, f Downregulation of OX1R did not influence the time rats spent in the area close to the caged novel rats (n = 9–10) (e) and the number of times rats climbing the cage (n = 9–10) (f) when interacting with novel rats. n = 10 for the LV-CON-eGFP group, n = 9 for the LV-shOX1R-eGFP group. Data are represented as median (horizontal bar) with 25th–75th (box) and 10th–90th (whiskers) percentiles; n.s. indicates not significant and **P < 0.01 by two-way ANOVA followed by Bonferroni-corrected t test (b, c) or by two tailed unpaired t-test (e, f)