Table 1.
Demographic and clinical characteristics (analyzed sample)
| Subjects | HC | rMD | aMD | p | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| n | 33 | 36 | 26 | ||
| Sex (f/m) | 20/13 | 23/13 | 19/7 | 0.592a | |
| Age (y) | 26.6 ± 6.8 | 28.5 ± 8.2 | 30.4 ± 9.7 | 0.215b | |
| Age of onset (y) | – | 22.8 ± 6.7 | 21.6 ± 9.2 | 0.284c | |
| Number of episodes (n) | – | 1.7 ± 1.4 | 3.2 ± 1.6 | <0.001c | |
| Duration of disease (y) | – | 5.8 ± 4.8 | 9.5 ± 8.8 | 0.02c | |
| Current episode/last episode rMD (m) | – | 9.1 ± 6 | 6.8 ± 12.1 | 0.128c | |
| Previous medication (unclear/yes/no)d | 5/17/13 | 0/14/12 | |||
| PT during study (unclear/yes/no) | – | 2/4/28 | 4/3/19 | ||
| PT before study (unclear/yes/no) | – | 8/20/6 | 3/9/13 | ||
| Handedness (r/l) | 32/1 | 34/1 | 25/1 | ||
| Scales | Pretreatment | Posttreatment | |||
| HAM-D24 | – | 2.3 ± 2.5 | 27.3 ± 6.4 | 8.3 ± 5.9 | |
| HAM-A | – | 2.5 ± 2.4 | 20.9 ± 5.6 | 6.7 ± 3.9 | |
| BDI | – | 4.2 ± 4.6 | 21.1 ± 7.2 | 7.4 ± 5.7 | |
| CGI | – | 1.7 ± 0.8 | 5.3 ± 0.5 | 3.1 ± 1.2 | |
| Medication during study | |||||
| Escitalopram (mg) | – | – | – | 13.9 ± 4.5 | |
| Venlafaxine (mg) | – | – | – | 98.2 ± 41.7 | |
| Mirtazapine (mg) | – | – | – | 30e | |
| Citalopram plasma (ng/ml) | – | – | – | 33.7 ± 27.3 | |
| Venlafaxine plasma (ng/ml) | – | – | – | 88.4 ± 59.2 | |
| Painful stimulus intensity | |||||
| fMRI-1 | 5.6 ± 5.2 | 4.5 ± 3.4 | 5.1 ± 2.8 | 0.567b | |
| fMRI-2 | 5.6 ± 6 | 4.3 ± 3.7 | 5.4 ± 3.7 | 0.543b | |
| Non-painful intensity | |||||
| fMRI-1 | 1.2 ± 1.1 | 1.3 ± 1.1 | 1.5 ± 0.8 | 0.555b | |
| fMRI-2 | 1.7 ± 2.2 | 1.4 ± 1.1 | 1.5 ± 0.9 | 0.722b | |
HC healthy control subjects, rMD remitted depressed subjects, aMD acute depressed patients fMRI-1 functional magnetic resonance imaging session one, HAM-D24 Hamilton Depression Rrating Scale (24 item version), HAM-A Hamilton Anxiety Rating Scale, BDI Beck Depression Index, CGI Clinical Global Impression scale, f female, m male, y years, m months, r right, l left
ap-value chi-square test
bp-value analysis of variance
cp-value t-test
dfor detiailed medication see supplementary Table S5
eonly one patient