Fig. 1.

ATF3 and JDP2 double deficiency enhances tumor growth and proliferation. a WT and dKO mice were subcutaneously implanted into the flanks with LLC cells (0.5 × 10⁶ cells per mouse). Tumor volume was monitored over time using the formula: width² × length × 0.5. Data are presented as mean ± SD, Two-way repeated-measures ANOVA followed by Bonferroni post-tests, n = 10, **p < 0.01; ***p < 0.001. Representative image of at least three experiments. b Representative image of tumors derived from a. c WT and dKO mice were orthotopically implanted into the mammary fat pad with PyMT cells (1 × 10⁵ cells per mouse). Tumor volume was monitored over time and analyzed as described in a. Data are presented as mean ± SD, Two-way repeated-measures ANOVA followed by Bonferroni post-tests, n = 10, **p < 0.01; ***p < 0.001. Representative image of at least three experiments. d Representative image of tumors derived from c. e–h Representative images of tumor sections from a (e) and c (g) immunostained for Ki67 (red) and DAPI (blue). Scale bar, 50 µm and 100 µm, respectively. f, h Quantification of the number of proliferating cells (Ki67+) of tumor sections in LLC (f) and PyMT (h). Each dot represents the mean of 5 fields taken from one mouse. Data are presented as mean ± SD, Student’s t-test, n = 4, **p < 0.01. Representative image of at least three experiments