Table 2.
Data extraction sheet
| Author/Year | County | Study Design | Participant Profile | Intervention Group Characteristics (USG-guided TAP + IV Opioid) Timing/USG-guided TAP | Control Group Characteristics (Only IV opioid used) | Measured Outcomes |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
| ||||||
| Kitlik et al. (13) (2017) | Turkey | RCT-double blinded | 18 65 Yr, Living Liver Donors TAP (n=25) IV (n=25) |
Inj. 0.5% bupivacaine at the conclusion of surgery Single injection bilateral subcostal mL each side; total 40 mL) |
Intraoperative: - Remifentanil - Morphine Postoperative: - Morphine PCA - Acetaminophen |
- Postoperative Opioid (24-h morphine consumption) - Pain Intensity (VAS) at rest and movement - PONV |
| Erdogan et al. (14) (2017) | Turkey | RCT-double blinded | 18 65 Yr, Living Liver Donors TAP (n=22) IV (n=22) |
Inj. 0.5% bupivacaine before surgical incision Single injection bilateral subcostal (20 mL each side; total 40 mL) |
Intraoperative: - Fentanyl - Remifentanil - Morphine PCA - IV acetaminophen |
- Postoperative Opioid (24-h morphine consumption) - Perioperative remifentanil consumption - Mean BP - HR - Mean desflurane requirement - Anaesthesia recovery time, - Frequency of emergency vasopressor use - Length of hospital stay |
| Maeda et al. (15) (2015) | Japan | Retrospective | Adult (>16 Yr) Living Live donors TAP (n=16) IV (n=16) |
(>16 Yr) X levobupivacaine at the conclusion of surgery Single injection bilateral subcostal (10 mL each side; total 20 mL) AND Continuous subcostal infusion of 0.125% levobupivacaine for 48 h |
Intraoperative: - Fentanyl - Remifentanil - Flurbiprofen Postoperative (either of following): - Fentanyl - Flurbiprofen - Acetaminophen or - Oral loxoprofen |
- Cumulative postop fentanyl consumption for 48 h - Time to first supplemental analgesia - Total number of requests for supplemental analgesia - VRS scores at 3, 6, 12, 24 and 48 h postop - PONV in the first and second 24 h - PT-INR value - Number of meals missed postop - Duration of postop hospital stay |
| Milan et al. (16) (2011) | United Kingdom | Retrospective pilot study | Adult Liver Transplant Recipients TAP (n=17) IV (n=17) |
Inj. 0.5% levobupivacaine before surgical incision Single injection bilateral subcostal (20 ml each side; total 40 ml) |
Intraoperative: - Remifentanil Postoperative: - Morphine PCA - IV acetaminophen |
- Postoperative Opioid (24-h morphine consumption) - Pain scores - Time to extubation |