Table 2.
Prevalence of different severity levels of DR and macular oedema by gender
| Participants with diabetes* (N=1310) | Men with diabetes* (n=543) |
Women with diabetes* (n=767) (%) |
P value† | ||||
| Patient number | Prevalence (%) (95% CI) | Patient number | Prevalence (%) (95% CI) | Patient number | Prevalence (%) (95% CI) | ||
| No DR | 1075 | 82.1 (80.2 to 84.3) | 418 | 77.0 (73.5 to 80.6) | 659 | 85.9 (83.5 to 88.4) | <0.001 |
| Diagnosed DR | 233 | 17.8 (15.7 to 19.8) | 125 | 23.0 (19.4 to 26.5) | 108 | 14.1 (11.6 to 16.5) | – |
| DR grade | <0.001 | ||||||
| Mild NPDR | 139 | 10.6 (9.0 to 12.3) | 80 | 14.8 (11.8 to 17.8) | 59 | 7.7 (5.8 to 9.6) | – |
| Moderate NPDR | 65 | 5.0 (3.8 to 6.2) | 31 | 5.7 (3.8 to 7.7) | 34 | 4.4 (3.0 to 5.9) | – |
| Severe NPDR | 17 | 1.3 (0.7 to 1.9) | 9 | 1.7 (0.6 to 2.7) | 8 | 1.0 (0.3 to 1.8) | – |
| PDR | 12 | 0.9 (0.3 to 1.3) | 5 | 0.9 (0 to 1.5) | 7 | 0.9 (0.2 to 1.6) | – |
| VTDR | 33 | 2.5 (1.7 to 3.4) | 15 | 2.8 (1.4 to 4.2) | 18 | 2.3 (1.3 to 3.4) | 0.625 |
| DME | 37 | 2.8 (1.9 to 3.6) | 18 | 3.3 (1.7 to 4.6) | 19 | 2.5 (1.4 to 3.6) | 0.466 |
| CSME | 12 | 0.9 (0.4 to 1.4) | 6 | 1.1 (0.2 to 2.0) | 6 | 0.8 (0.2 to 1.4) | 0.539 |
*Of the 1500 persons with type 2 diabetes mellitus, 1310 had fundus photography results that were usable for DR grading.
†P value for the difference of retinopathy by gender based on χ2 test.
CSME, clinically significant macular oedema; DME, diabetic macular oedema; DR, diabetic retinopathy; NPDR, non-proliferative diabetic retinopathy; PDR, proliferative diabetic retinopathy; VTDR, vision-threatening diabetic retinopathy.