Table 1. Performance of PCR and microscopic examination for the detection of S. mansoni and S. haematobium in urine, stool and biopsy samples.

Sample (N)	Patients (n)	Positive microscopy, n/N (%)	Positive SmPCR or ShPCR n/N (%)	Agreement PCR/microscopy (%)
Urine (N = 124)	108	5a/124 (4.0)	13b /124 (10.5)	93.5
Stool (N = 86)	65	29c/86 (33.7)	42d/86 (48.8)	84.9
Biopsy (N = 8e)	7	2f/8 (25.0)	2/8 (25.0)	100

SmPCR: S. mansoni PCR; ShPCR: S. haematobium PCR

^a5/5 positive-microscopy samples yielded positive PCR

^bTwo samples were simultaneously positive for SmPCR and ShPCR; p<0.001 compared to microscopy

^c29/29 positive-microscopy samples yielded positive PCR

^dp<0.001 compared to microscopy

^eRectum (n = 3); colon (n = 2); rectum/colon (n = 1); perineal abscess (n = 1) and liver (n = 1)

^fRectum (n = 1) colon (n = 1) collected from the same patient. 2/2 positive-microscopy samples yielded positive PCR