Table 4.
Correlates of physical violence, threats and exposure to Yi Nao among health workers in China
| Physical violence | Threats of physical violence | Exposure to Yi Nao | ||||||||||
| OR (95% CI) | P value | AOR (95% CI)† | P value | OR (95% CI) | P value | AOR (95% CI)† | P value | OR (95% CI) | P value | AOR (95% CI)† | P value | |
| Age | 1.02 (1.00 to 1.03)* |
0.034 | 1.00 (0.98 to 1.03) |
0.689 | 1.01 (1.00 to 1.02)** |
0.002 | 0.99 (0.97 to 1.00) |
0.074 | 1.01 (1.00 to 1.01) |
0.129 | 0.98 (0.97 to 0.99)*** |
<0.001 |
| Sex | ||||||||||||
| Female | Ref | |||||||||||
| Male | 2.31 (1.76 to 3.03)*** |
<0.001 | 2.18 (1.53 to 3.12)*** |
<0.001 | 1.42 (1.21 to 1.67)*** |
<0.001 | 1.33 (1.10 to 1.62)** |
0.004 | 1.57 (1.38 to 1.78)*** |
<0.001 | 1.42 (1.22 to 1.66)*** |
<0.001 |
| Level of facility | ||||||||||||
| Primary care | Ref | |||||||||||
| Secondary hospitals | 3.37 (2.31 to 4.91)*** |
<0.001 | 3.29 (2.21 to 4.89)*** |
<0.001 | 1.65 (1.36 to 1.99)*** |
<0.001 | 1.61 (1.32 to 1.98)*** |
<0.001 | 2.57 (2.21 to 2.99)*** |
<0.001 | 2.47 (2.10 to 2.91)*** |
<0.001 |
| Tertiary hospitals | 1.45 (0.96 to 2.17) |
1.447 | 1.47 (0.95 to 2.28) |
0.082 | 1.22 (1.01 to 1.48)* |
0.038 | 1.28 (1.04 to 1.57)* |
0.018 | 1.71 (1.48 to 1.98)*** |
<0.001 | 1.68 (1.44 to 1.97)*** |
<0.001 |
| Types of health workers | ||||||||||||
| Nurses | Ref | |||||||||||
| Doctors | 1.51 (1.13 to 2.03)** |
0.006 | 1.02 (0.69 to 1.51) |
0.908 | 1.23 (1.05 to 1.45)* |
0.011 | 1.07 (0.87 to 1.30) |
0.536 | 1.30 (1.15 to 1.48)*** |
<0.001 | 1.17 (1.00 to 1.37) |
0.053 |
| Laboratory | 0.70 (0.42 to 1.15) |
0.160 | 0.57 (0.33 to 0.98)* |
0.044 | 0.77 (0.60 to 0.98)* |
0.036 | 0.78 (0.59 to 1.02) |
0.064 | 0.72 (0.60 to 0.87)** |
0.001 | 0.74 (0.60 to 0.91)** |
0.004 |
| Administrators | 0.65 (0.31 to 1.35) |
0.246 | 0.69 (0.30 to 1.58) |
0.362 | 0.46 (0.30 to 0.70)*** |
<0.001 | 0.62 (0.40 to 0.96)* |
0.035 | 0.54 (0.41 to 0.71)*** |
<0.001 | 0.69 (0.51 to 0.94)* |
0.022 |
| Professional ranking | ||||||||||||
| Junior | Ref | |||||||||||
| Intermediate | 1.27 (0.94 to 1.72) |
0.122 | 1.14 (0.79 to 1.65) |
0.482 | 1.38 (1.17 to 1.64)*** |
<0.001 | 1.46 (1.19 to 1.78)*** |
<0.001 | 1.28 (1.12 to 1.46)*** |
<0.001 | 1.48 (1.25 to 1.74)*** |
<0.001 |
| Senior | 1.36 (0.90 to 2.04) |
0.142 | 0.92 (0.51 to 1.64) |
0.780 | 1.73 (1.38 to 2.15)*** |
<0.001 | 1.86 (1.35 to 2.56)*** |
<0.001 | 1.84 (1.53 to 2.22)*** |
<0.001 | 2.04 (1.57 to 2.65)*** |
<0.001 |
| None | 0.60 (0.34 to 1.09) |
0.119 | 0.75 (0.41 to 1.40) |
0.351 | 0.51 (0.37 to 0.72)*** |
<0.001 | 0.53 (0.37 to 0.75)*** |
<0.001 | 0.73 (0.59 to 0.91)** |
0.022 | 0.75 (0.60 to 0.94)* |
0.045 |
| Encourage reporting violence in the facility | ||||||||||||
| Yes | Ref | |||||||||||
| No | 3.83 (2.75 to 5.34)*** |
<0.001 | 3.64 (2.57 to 5.18)*** |
<0.001 | 2.24 (1.80 to 2.80)*** |
<0.001 | 2.21 (1.76 to 2.78)*** |
<0.001 | 2.22 (1.82 to 2.70)*** |
<0.001 | 2.26 (1.84 to 2.78)*** |
<0.001 |
| Don't know | 1.03 (0.75 to 1.43) |
0.838 | 1.07 (0.76 to 1.49) |
0.709 | 1.17 (0.99 to 1.37) |
0.070 | 1.23 (1.03 to 1.46)* |
0.020 | 0.99 (0.87 to 1.12) |
0.847 | 1.02 (0.89 to 1.16) |
0.825 |
*<0.05; **<0.01; ***<0.001.
*Adjusted for age, sex, level of facility, type of health workers, professional ranking and encouragement perceived to report violence in the facility.
AOR, adjusted OR.