Figure 2.

Surgical techniques of robotic partial nephrectomy via retroperitoneal approach and Tumor specimen.(A) Tumor was located in the mid-pole of right kidney, pressing against ipsilateral renal hilum. (B) Demarcation of tumor margin. (C) Tumor resection with a combination of blunt and sharp dissection. (D) Renal reconstruction with barbed suture and hem-o-locs. (E) Rected tumor. (F) <2 mm normal parenchyma was resected along with the tumor, for maximized preservation of renal function. (The consent for publication was obtained for the identifying images in identifiable details of patients in Fig. 2 A).