Table 3. Baseline characteristics of the study population stratified by the clinical outcomes in IVT patients.
| Variable | END | P | Poor outcome at 3 months | P | Mortality at 3 months | P | |||
| Yes (n = 83) | No (n = 480) | Yes (n = 286) | No (n = 277) | Yes (n = 53) | No (n = 510) | ||||
| Demographics data | |||||||||
| Age, year | 69.1 ± 9.6 | 66.2 ± 11.8 | 0.007 | 67.5 ± 11.8 | 65.7 ± 11.2 | 0.055 | 68.7 ± 12.0 | 66.4 ± 11.5 | 0.173 |
| Male, % | 44 (53.0) | 285 (59.4) | 0.277 | 122 (42.7) | 112 (40.4) | 0.592 | 27 (50.9) | 302 (59.2) | 0.245 |
| Vascular risk factors, % | |||||||||
| Hypertension | 60 (72.3) | 330 (68.8) | 0.519 | 94 (32.9) | 79 (28.5) | 0.264 | 39 (73.6) | 351 (68.8) | 0.475 |
| Diabetes mellitus | 26 (31.3) | 125 (26.0) | 0.316 | 71 (24.8) | 80 (28.9) | 0.278 | 13 (24.5) | 138 (27.1) | 0.692 |
| Hyperlipidemia | 10 (12.2) | 62 (12.9) | 0.857 | 41 (14.3) | 31 (11.2) | 0.271 | 9 (17.0) | 63 (12.4) | 0.340 |
| Coronary heart disease | 18 (21.7) | 81 (16.9) | 0.292 | 51 (17.9) | 48 (17.3) | 0.860 | 8 (15.1) | 91 (17.9) | 0.613 |
| Atrial fibrillation | 19 (22.9) | 142 (29.6) | 0.213 | 90 (31.5) | 71 (25.6) | 0.125 | 25 (47.2) | 136 (26.7) | 0.098 |
| Smoking | 32 (39.0) | 176 (37.0) | 0.723 | 113 (39.5) | 95 (34.9) | 0.263 | 17 (32.1) | 191 (37.8) | 0.410 |
| Clinical data | |||||||||
| Previous antiplatelet, % | 21 (25.9) | 94 (19.7) | 0.197 | 53 (18.5) | 62 (22.8) | 0.232 | 11 (20.8) | 104 (20.6) | 0.972 |
| Previous statin, % | 6 (7.2) | 45 (9.4) | 0.529 | 25 (8.7) | 26 (9.4) | 0.790 | 5 (9.4) | 46 (9.0) | 0.904 |
| SBP, mmHg | 137.7 ± 18.8 | 136.7 ± 17.5 | 0.639 | 136.9 ± 18.5 | 136.9 ± 16.9 | 0.873 | 138.3 ± 19.4 | 136.8 ± 17.5 | 0.524 |
| DBP, mmHg | 87.7 ± 11.6 | 86.2 ± 11.9 | 0.215 | 86.8 ± 12.9 | 85.7 ± 10.9 | 0.284 | 87.8 ± 14.6 | 86.1 ± 11.6 | 0.316 |
| Body mass index, kg/m2 | 23.8 ± 2.8 | 24.2 ± 3.3 | 0.322 | 24.2 ± 3.2 | 24.1 ± 3.3 | 0.675 | 24.1 ± 4.1 | 24.2 ± 3.1 | 0.737 |
| Baseline NIHSS, score | 14.0 (6.0, 19.0) | 7.0 (4.0, 12.0) | 0.001 | 10.0 (5.0, 16.0) | 5.0 (3.0, 10.0) | 0.001 | 16.0 (10.0, 20.0) | 7.0 (4.0, 12.0) | 0.001 |
| OTT, minutes | 158.0 ± 63.1 | 142.8 ± 62.3 | 0.047 | 164.5 ± 59 | 124.9 ± 60.2 | 0.002 | 158.5 ± 57.9 | 143.4 ± 62.8 | 0.095 |
| Endovascular therapy, % | 21 (25.3) | 64 (13.3) | 0.005 | 71 (24.8) | 14 (5.1) | 0.001 | 17 (32.1) | 68 (13.3) | 0.001 |
| Center, % | 0.389 | 0.234 | 0.156 | ||||||
| Center 1 | 42 (50.6) | 197 (41.0) | 129 (45.1) | 110 (39.7) | 19 (35.8) | 220 (43.1) | |||
| Center 2 | 9 (10.8) | 85 (17.7) | 49 (17.1) | 45 (16.2) | 6 (11.3) | 88 (17.3) | |||
| Center 3 | 12 (14.5) | 62 (12.9) | 41 (14.3) | 33 (11.9) | 11 (20.8) | 63 (12.4) | |||
| Center 4 | 11 (13.3) | 77 (16.0) | 37 (12.9) | 51 (18.4) | 7 (13.2) | 81 (15.9) | |||
| Center 5 | 9 (10.8) | 59 (12.3) | 30 (10.5) | 38 (13.7) | 10 (18.9) | 58 (11.4) | |||
| Imaging data | |||||||||
| ASPECTS at Admission | 9.0 (9.0, 10.0) | 9.0 (9.0, 10.0) | 0.167 | 9.0 (9.0, 10.0) | 10.0 (9.0, 10.0) | 0.205 | 9.0 (9.0, 10.0) | 9.0 (9.0, 10.0) | 0.137 |
| ASPECTS at 24 h | 6.0 (5.0, 7.0) | 8.0 (6.0, 9.0) | 0.001 | 6.0 (5.0, 8.0) | 9.0 (7.0, 9.0) | 0.001 | 6.0 (5.0, 7.0) | 8.0 (6.0, 9.0) | 0.001 |
| Vascular occlusion, %† | 47 (64.4) | 208 (46.2) | 0.004 | 150 (56.8) | 105 (40.2) | 0.002 | 35 (66.0) | 220 (46.0) | 0.001 |
| sICH, n (%) | 22 (26.5) | 8 (1.7) | 0.001 | 22 (7.7) | 8 (2.9) | 0.012 | 16 (30.2) | 14 (2.7) | 0.001 |
| Ischemic area, % | 0.689 | 0.907 | 0.641 | ||||||
| Frontal lobe | 20 (24.1) | 116 (24.2) | 72 (25.2) | 64 (23.1) | 14 (26.4) | 122 (23.9) | |||
| Parietal lobe | 8 (9.6) | 43 (9.0) | 26 (9.1) | 25 (9.0) | 7 (13.2) | 44 (8.6) | |||
| Basal ganglia | 23 (27.7) | 242 (29.6) | 84 (29.4) | 81 (29.2) | 14 (26.4) | 151 (29.6) | |||
| Posterior fossa | 15 (18.1) | 90 (18.8) | 49 (17.1) | 56 (20.2) | 11 (20.8) | 94 (18.4) | |||
| Other | 17 (20.5) | 89 (18.5) | 55 (19.2) | 51 (18.4) | 7 (13.2) | 99 (19.4) | |||
| Stroke subtype, % | 0.014 | 0.056 | 0.072 | ||||||
| Large artery atherosclerosis | 46 (55.4) | 185 (38.5) | 122 (42.7) | 109 (39.4) | 23 (43.4) | 208 (40.8) | |||
| Cardioembolism | 21 (25.3) | 120 (25.0) | 78 (27.3) | 63 (22.7) | 19 (35.8) | 122 (23.9) | |||
| Small vessel occlusion | 7 (8.4) | 118 (24.6) | 50 (17.5) | 75 (27.1) | 5 (9.4) | 120 (23.5) | |||
| Others | 9 (10.8) | 57 (11.9) | 36 (12.6) | 30 (10.8) | 6 (11.3) | 60 (11.8) | |||
| Thyroid function status | 0.007 | 0.002 | 0.002 | ||||||
| Euthyroidism | 56 (67.5) | 355 (74.0) | 205 (71.7) | 206 (74.4) | 33 (62.3) | 378 (74.1) | |||
| SHyper | 19 (22.9) | 37 (7.7) | 40 (14.0) | 16 (5.8) | 16 (30.2) | 40 (7.8) | |||
| SHypo | 8 (9.6) | 88 (18.3) | 41 (14.3) | 55 (19.9) | 4 (7.5) | 92 (18.0) | |||
| Laboratory findings | |||||||||
| TC, mmol/L | 4.5 ± 1.0 | 4.4 ± 1.1 | 0.636 | 4.4 ± 1.1 | 4.5 ± 1.2 | 0.261 | 4.2 ± 0.9 | 4.3 ± 1.1 | 0.124 |
| TG, mmol/L | 1.4 (0.9, 1.9) | 1.4 (1.0, 2.0) | 0.528 | 1.3 (0.9, 2.0) | 1.5 (1.0, 2.0) | 0.312 | 1.5 (0.8, 2.2) | 1.4 (1.0, 2.0) | 0.942 |
| LDL, mmol/L | 2.7 (2.2, 3.3) | 2.6 (2.1, 3.2) | 0.174 | 2.7 (2.1, 3.2) | 2.5 (2.1, 3.1) | 0.197 | 2.5 (2.1, 3.1) | 2.6 (2.1, 3.2) | 0.524 |
| HDL, mmol/L | 1.2 ± 0.3 | 1.1 ± 0.3 | 0.304 | 1.2 ± 0.3 | 1.1 ± 0.3 | 0.544 | 1.2 ± 0.2 | 1.2 ± 0.3 | 0.847 |
| FGB, mmol/L | 7.1 ± 2.6 | 6.1 ± 2.3 | 0.003 | 6.4 ± 2.5 | 6.3 ± 2.3 | 0.507 | 6.8 ± 3.1 | 6.2 ± 2.3 | 0.105 |
| Homocysteine, umol/L | 18.1 ± 9.5 | 15.2 ± 8.7 | 0.011 | 16.8 ± 8.8 | 15.8 ± 8.7 | 0.003 | 16.0 ± 6.8 | 15.6 ± 9.1 | 0.695 |
| Hs-CRP, mg/L | 7.9 (2.4, 16.7) | 5.1 (2.3, 12.2) | 0.102 | 5.1 (2.1, 11.4) | 6.0 (2.8, 12.6) | 0.384 | 10.0 (2.9, 17.8) | 5.3 (2.2, 11.0) | 0.074 |
Abbreviations: ASPECTS: alberta stroke program early CT score; FGB: fasting blood glucose; HDL: high density lipoprotein; Hs-CRP: high-sensitivity C-reactive protein; LDL: low density lipoprotein; NIHSS: national institutes of health stroke scale; OTT: onset to treatment time; SHyper: subclinical hyperthyroidism; SHypo: subclinical hypothyroidism; sICH: symptomatic intracranial hemorrhage; TC: total cholesterol; TG: triglyceride.
†Data available for 525 patients.
Center 1: Nanjing First Hospital; Center 2: Mianyang Central Hospital; Center3: The First people’s Hospital of Yulin; Center 4: The Third People’s Hospital of Nantong. Center 5: Jiangsu Provincial Second Chinese Medicine Hospital.