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. 2019 Sep 23;9:13715. doi: 10.1038/s41598-019-49900-9

Table 2.

Calculated CLS for 1 s core electrons of monolayer and bilayer graphene defects. For a single vacancy, a C1s is used, all other results are related to N1s core eigenvalues.

Defect ECLS (eV)
Monolayer Bilayer
Single Vacancy 121.8 126.7
Substitutional 0.0 1.5
Monomerized pyridine 3.0 4.6
Trimerized pyridine 3.1 4.7
Trimerized pyrrole 3.9 5.3

Where more than one nitrogen atom is present we computed the average value. Bilayer results obtained with the combination of a defective and a pristine layer.