Study data

Person extracting data

Date of extraction

Study ID

Report ID (if different from study ID)

Reference citation

Study author details

Publication type

Publication status

Notes (e.g. questions for authors, statistical concerns)

Study eligibility: (if answer no to one of the criteria, exclude)

Type of study: RCT or NRS with control group (quasi‐RCTs, non‐RCTs, controlled before‐and‐after studies, interrupted time series studies, historically controlled studies, case‐control studies, cohort studies and cross‐sectional studies)

Participants: adults or children

Type of intervention: hardware or software interventions that reduce the direct or indirect contact with child (aged < 5 years) faeces?

Type of comparison: no intervention or other intervention?

Type of outcome: diarrhoea episodes; infections with ≥ 1 species of STHs; intensity of infection with ≥ 1 species of STH; dysentery; severe diarrhoea; persistent diarrhoea; clinical visits for diarrhoea; presence of pathogenic microbes in stools; anthropometry; serology; other markers of infection and disease; adverse events; mortality; or behaviour change?

If excluded, reasons for exclusion

Characteristics of included studies

Country and district, state, or town

Setting (hospital, school, community, urban, or rural)

Season

Design

Description of design

Was it a multicentre study?

Funding source

Duration of study (start and end date of study)

Duration of participation (start of recruitment until last follow‐up time point)

Ethical approval if needed

Missing data and reasons

Unit of randomization and whether the analysis adjusted for clustering if cluster design

Participants

Population demographics

Study inclusion criteria

Study exclusion criteria

Method of participant recruitment

Total number of participants recruited

Withdrawals, exclusions, loss to follow‐up

Age

Sex

Household size

Education level

Socioeconomic level

Pre‐ and postintervention water quality

Sanitation type and coverage

Hygiene practices

Type of water supply and coverage

Baseline child faeces disposal sites

Prevalence of open defecation

Deworming history in the study population

Solid waste disposal practices

Animal ownership

School or preschool attendance

Shoe wearing practices

Intervention group

Description of intervention

Number of participants

Cointerventions?

Who delivered the intervention?

Format and timing of delivery?

Coverage and uptake of child faeces collection and disposal practices

Compliance to intervention

Control group

Description of control

Number of participants

Cointervention?

Outcomes

Case definition for health outcomes

Measuring/diagnosis method (if self‐reported include recall period)

Time points measured

Effect estimate and 95% CI and raw numbers (for NRS record adjusted and unadjusted measures with confounders adjusted for; for cluster RCT specify if effect estimate is adjusted for clustering)

List of outcomes measured in study

Key conclusions of authors

Explanations of unexpected findings

Risk of bias assessment

RCTs (high, low, or unclear risk)

Random sequence generation?

Allocation concealment?

Blinding of participants and personnel?

Blinding of outcome assessment?

Incomplete outcome data?

Selective reporting?

Other risks of bias?

Cluster‐RCTs (high, low, or unclear risk)

Recruitment bias?

Baseline imbalance?

Loss of clusters?

Incorrect analyses?

NRS except case‐control and interrupted time series (high, low, or unclear risk)

Random sequence generation?

Allocation concealment?

Baseline outcome measures similar?

Baseline characteristics similar?

Incomplete outcome data?

Adequate allocation of intervention concealment?

Adequate protection against contamination?

Selective reporting?

Other risks of bias?

Confounders adequately adjusted for in analysis or design? (describe adjustment method)

Methods to identify and measure confounders

List all confounders considered in study

Interrupted time series (high, low, or unclear risk)

Intervention independent from other changes?

Prespecified shape of the intervention?

Intervention likely to affect the data collection?

Knowledge of the allocated interventions was adequately prevented?

Incomplete outcome data?

Selective outcome reporting?

Other risk of bias?

Case‐control studies

‐ Selection

Is the case definition adequate?

Representativeness of the cases

Selection of controls

Definition of controls

‐ Comparability

Comparability of cases and controls on the basis of the design or analysis

‐ Exposure

Ascertainment of exposure

Same method of ascertainment for cases and controls

Non‐response rate

NRS: non‐randomized study; RCT: randomized controlled trial; STH: soil‐transmitted helminth.