Heller 2003 BRA.
| Methods | Case‐control study | |
| Participants | Cases: children aged < 5 years resident in Betim area attending a HC for diarrhoea, n = 997, mean age 1.72 years, 47.1% girls Controls: children aged < 5 years resident in Betim area chosen randomly from a register (used by municipality with purpose of housing taxes), n = 999, mean age 2.63 years, 49.8% girls |
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| Interventions | Risk factors of interest:
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| Outcomes | Diarrhoea: the attendant physician diagnosis of diarrhoea was assumed as the case definition. | |
| Notes | Location: 29 HCs in urban area of Betim in Minais Gerais State in South‐East Brazil Length of recruitment: 5 months (November 1993 to April 1994) Publication status: journal |
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| Risk of bias | ||
| Bias | Authors' judgement | Support for judgement |
| Random sequence generation (selection bias) | Unclear risk | NA |
| Allocation concealment (selection bias) | Unclear risk | NA |
| Blinding of participants and personnel (performance bias) All outcomes | Unclear risk | NA |
| Blinding of outcome assessment (detection bias) All outcomes | Unclear risk | NA |
| Incomplete outcome data (attrition bias) All outcomes | Unclear risk | NA |
| Selective reporting (reporting bias) | Unclear risk | NA |
| Other bias | Unclear risk | NA |
| Similarity of baseline outcome measurements | Unclear risk | NA |
| Similarity of baseline characteristics | Unclear risk | NA |
| Adequate allocation of intervention concealment during the study | Unclear risk | NA |
| Adequate protection against contamination | Unclear risk | NA |
| Confounders adequately adjusted for in analysis/design | Unclear risk | NA |
| Recruitment bias | Unclear risk | NA |
| Baseline imbalance | Unclear risk | NA |
| Loss of clusters | Unclear risk | NA |
| Incorrect analysis | Unclear risk | NA |