Fig. 2.

Influence of neurotrophic factor infusions into the CA3 and CA1 pyramidal cell layers on the LH paradigm. After exposure to IES, BDNF, NT-3, NGF, or saline (SAL) was infused into the CA3 or CA1 pyramidal cell layers of hippocampus, and conditioned avoidance was conducted 3 d later. Escape failure and latency to escape were determined, and the results are expressed as mean ± SEM. The number of animals is listed under each column. ***p < 0.001 when compared with saline-injected controls (ANOVA and Scheffe's test).Left top, F_(3,33) = 12.667; p < 0.0001; left bottom,F_(3,33) = 12.045; p< 0.0001; right top,F_(2,15) = 0.824; p= 0.4575; right bottom,F_(2,15) = 1.292; p= 0.3037.