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Sex differences in total distance. Shown is the mean ± SEM distance traveled by males (top) and females (bottom) in the activity apparatus in 3 min blocks. The arrow indicates time of methamphetamine administration (1 mg/kg). Female PDE1B−/− mice, but not male PDE1B−/− mice, were hyperactive compared with WT mice during the pre-methamphetamine challenge period (F(2,120) = 3.07; p< 0.05); this sex difference did not continue into the postchallenge period. n = +/+, 71; +/−, 114; −/−, 49.
