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. 2002 Nov 1;22(21):9490–9501. doi: 10.1523/JNEUROSCI.22-21-09490.2002

Fig. 6.

Fig. 6.

PKA inhibition differentially affects the ethanol-induced locomotor activity pattern. The average velocity of a population of 20 flies is shown as a function of time. Ethanol exposure started at time 0. A, 201Y and UAS-PKAinh flies were relatively calm in air (−2–0 min), startled on exposure to alcohol (0–2 min), remained relatively active until ∼6 min, but were strongly sedated by ∼8.5 min of ethanol exposure. 201Y+UAS-PKAinh flies behaved similarly at early time points but remained active during the later time points. One-way ANOVA across each time point, with the criticalp value adjusted to α = 0.003, revealed a significant effect of genotype at 10 min (F(2,9) = 34.5; p< 0.0001), 12.5 min (F(2,9) = 130.8;p < 0.0001), 15 min (F(2,9) = 74.3; p< 0.0001), and 17.5 min (F(2,9) = 27.7; p < 0.0005). Post hocNewman–Keuls testing showed that at each starredtime-point, P[GAL4]+UAS-PKAinh flies were different from both P[GAL4] and UAS-PKAinhcontrols (p < 0.001 for all comparisons).A′, 201Y, 201Y+UAS-PKAinh and 201Y+UAS-PKAm-inh flies were exposed to air, followed by an ethanol/air dose of 40/25 U beginning at time 0 for 1 min. Consecutive 10 sec clips were analyzed beginning 20 sec before the onset of ethanol and ending 20 sec after ethanol exposure was terminated; an additional 10 sec was analyzed 1 min after the end of exposure. The startle response was similar in all three genotypes (n = 3 for each genotype). B, c107+UAS-PKAinh flies are also resistant to the locomotor-depressant effects of ethanol compared with controls. A significant effect of genotype was seen at 7.5 min (F(2,9) = 18.1; p< 0.001), 10 min (F(2,9) = 30.9;p < 0.0001), 12.5 min (F(2,9) = 47.0; p< 0.0001), 15 min (F(2,9) = 65.3;p < 0.0001), and 17.5 min (F(2,9) = 37.7; p< 0.0001). Newman–Keuls post hoc tests showed that c107+UAS-PKAinh flies were significantly different from both c107 and UAS-PKAinh controls at 10, 12.5, 15, and 17.5 min (p < 0.01 for all comparisons). C, c522+UAS-PKAinhflies have normal sensitivity to the locomotor depressant effects of ethanol. A significant effect of genotype was observed only at 15 min (F(2,9) = 12.1; p = 0.0028). In Newman–Keuls post hoc tests, c522+UAS-PKAinh flies were significantly different from both c522 and UAS-PKAinh controls (p < 0.01) at this time point.D, c290+UAS-PKAinh flies were also similar to controls. In A–D, n = 4 for all genotypes. E, Examples of locomotor traces of 20 flies corresponding to a 10 sec period at 12.5 min of ethanol exposure. Although almost all 201Y and UAS-PKAinh flies were completely sedated at 12.5 min, 201Y+UAS-PKAinhflies were still active at this time. Asterisks denote significant differences.