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. 2002 Dec 15;22(24):10864–10870. doi: 10.1523/JNEUROSCI.22-24-10864.2002

Fig. 1.

Fig. 1.

Schematic diagram of the major brain regions involved in song learning and control. The efferent pathway for song control is highlighted in black. Our main focus is the HVC and the neurons incorporated into the HVC that project to the RA.nAM, Nucleus ambiguus; DLM, medial portion of the dorsolateral nucleus of the thalamus; DM, dorsomedial nucleus of the intercollicular complex;lMAN, lateral subdivision of the magnocellular nucleus of the anterior neostriatum; mMAN, medial subdivision of the magnocellular nucleus of the anterior neostriatum;NIF, nucleus interface; nRAm, nucleus retroambigualis; Uva, nucleus uvaeformis;X, area X; nXIIts, tracheosyringeal part of the hypoglossal nucleus.