TABLE 1.
Characteristics of third-generation cohort participants (n = 785) by presence of parental hepatic steatosis
| At least one parent with hepatic steatosis |
No parental hepatic steatosis |
P-value | |
|---|---|---|---|
| n (%) | 183 (23.3%) | 602 (76.7%) | |
| Age, years | 42.5 ± 5.1 | 43.9 ± 5.6 | 0.004 |
| Women (%) | 74 (40.4%) | 282 (46.8%) | 0.13 |
| White (%) | 183 (100%) | 602 (100%) | - |
| Alcohol intake, drinks per week | 4.6 ± 5.4 | 4.1 ± 4.8 | 0.27 |
| Current smoking (%) | 32 (18.2%) | 72 (12.3%) | 0.05 |
| BMI, kg/m2 | 27.4 ± 5.1 | 26.8 ± 5.1 | 0.13 |
| Systolic blood pressure, mm Hg | 118 ± 13 | 117 ± 134 | 0.54 |
| Total cholesterol, mg/dL | 192 ± 35 | 190 ± 33 | 0.40 |
| HDL cholesterol, mg/dL | 52 ± 15 | 53 ± 16 | 0.32 |
| Triglycerides, mg/dL | 121 ± 86 | 117 ± 91 | 0.59 |
| LDL cholesterol, mg/dL | 116 ± 32 | 113 ± 30 | 0.25 |
| Use of lipid treatment (%) | 10 (5.7%) | 49 (8.4%) | 0.24 |
| Diabetes (%) | 6 (3%) | 15 (3%) | 0.60 |
| Impaired fasting glucose (%) | 35 (21%) | 123 (22%) | 0.80 |
| HOMA-IR (median, IQR) | 2.7 ± 1.0 | 2.5 ± 1.1 | 0.19 |
| Hypertension (%) | 29 (16%) | 101 (17%) | 0.79 |
| Cardiovascular disease (%) | 3 (2%) | 6 (1%) | 0.44 |
| ALT, U/L | 29.1 ± 19.1 | 26.5 ± 16.6 | 0.10 |
| AST, U/L | 24.8 ± 10.2 | 23.7 ± 8.8 | 0.17 |
| Elevated ALT (%)a | 76 (42%) | 236 (39%) | 0.57 |
| Elevated AST (%)a | 18 (10%) | 37 (6%) | 0.09 |
| Hepatic steatosis (%)b | 39 (21%) | 74 (12%) | 0.002 |
| Genetic risk score | 5.7 ± 1.3 | 5.5 ± 1.3 | 0.10 |
ALT, alanine aminotransferase; AST, aspartate aminotransferase; BMI, body mass index; HOMA-IR, homeostatical model assessment for insulin resistance.
Data are presented as mean ± SD or n (%), unless otherwise noted.
a
Elevated ALT or AST was defined as an ALT or AST > 19 U/L for women and > 30 U/L for men.
b
Hepatic steatosis was defined by a liver phantom ratio of ≤ 0.33.