Table 2.
Baseline characteristics of Jackson Heart Study participants overall and by CKD status
| All | No CKD | CKD | |
|---|---|---|---|
| N (%) | 3,135 | 2,529 (81) | 606 (19) |
| Age in years, mean ± SD | 55.1 ± 12.9 | 53.4 ± 12.4 | 62.0 ± 12.7 |
| Male, n (%) | 1,155 (37) | 949 (38) | 206 (34) |
| Education ≤ high school, n (%) | 1,114 (36) | 803 (32) | 311 (52) |
| Incomea: 0–1.5x poverty, n (%) | 953 (30) | 705 (28) | 248 (41) |
| Current smoker, n (%) | 343 (11) | 279 (11) | 64 (11) |
| Alcohol use in last year, n (%) | 1,375 (44) | 1,179 (47) | 196 (32) |
| Physical activityb | |||
| Poor, n (%) | 1,476 (47) | 1,128 (45) | 348 (57) |
| Intermediate, n (%) | 1,019 (33) | 847 (34) | 172 (28) |
| Ideal, n (%) | 640 (20) | 554 (22) | 86 (14) |
| BMI, kg/m2, mean ± SD | 31.7 ± 7.1 | 31.5 ± 6.9 | 32.7 ± 7.7 |
| eGFR, ml/min/1.73 m2, mean ± SD | 93.4 ± 23.6 | 98.6 ± 17.7 | 71.7 ± 31.8 |
| Hypertension, n (%) | 1,867 (60) | 1,342 (53) | 525 (87) |
| Antihypertensive medication use, n (%) | 1,611 (51) | 1,136 (45) | 475 (78) |
| Diabetesa | 669 (21) | 411 (16) | 258 (43) |
| SBP, mm Hg, mean ± SD | 127.1 ± 16.8 | 125.1 ± 15.3 | 135.3 ± 19.6 |
| DBP, mm Hg, mean ± SD | 76.0 ± 8.7 | 76.0 ± 8.3 | 76.0 ± 10.2 |
Abbreviations: BMI, body mass index; CKD, chronic kidney disease; DBP, diastolic blood pressure; eGFR, estimated glomerular filtration rate; SBP, systolic blood pressure; SD, standard deviation.
aNumber of participants with missing data was 524 for household income and 4 for diabetes status.
bPhysical activity was “poor” if 0 minute/week of moderate and vigorous activity, “intermediate” if 0–150 minutes/week of moderate or 0–75 minutes/week vigorous activity, or “ideal” if >150 minutes/week of moderate or >75 minutes/week of vigorous activity.