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Roles of short-chain fatty acids involved in cardiovascular diseases. SCFAs are major products of microbial fermentation of dietary fibers. SCFAs mainly present cardioprotective effects, including modulating blood pressure, promoting post-infarction cardiac repair, anti-inflammation and maintaining gut barrier. Gpr41: G-protein-coupled receptor 41; Gpr43: G-protein-coupled receptor 43; HIF: Hypoxia-inducible factor; SCFA: Short-chain fatty acid; Treg: Regulatory T cell.
